abstract: gridlock is an extreme traffic state where vehicle cannot move at all. this research studies the development of gridlock by theoretical and numerical analysis. it is shown that the development of gridlock can be divided into several stages. the core of the development is the evolution of congestion loop. a congestion loop is comprised of a number of consecutively connected spillover l...

In this paper we solve a long-standing open problem by showing that strict superposition|that is, superposition without equality factoring|is refutationally complete. The diiculty of the problem arises from the fact that the strict calculus, in contrast to the standard calculus with equality factoring, is not compatible with arbitrary removal of tautologies, so that the usual techniques for pro...

Mobile ad hoc network congestion control is a significant problem. Standard mechanism for congestion control (TCP), the ability to run certain features of a wireless network, several mutations are not common. In particular, the enormous changes in the network topology and the joint nature of the wireless network. It also creates significant challenges in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), density ...

Active Queue Management (AQM) plays an important role in the Internet congestion control. It tries to enhance congestion control, and to achieve tradeoff between bottleneck utilization and delay. Random Early Detection (RED) is the most popular active queue management algorithm that has been implemented in the in Internet routers and is trying to supply low delay and low packet loss. RED al...

under the smart grid environments, demand response resources (drrs) as power system resources can effectively participate in and improve performance of electric systems. congestion management is one of the technical challenges in which drrs can play a significant role. previously, congestion management is applied without considering the power system uncertainties. therefore, a stochastic conges...

nutcracker syndrome (ncs) is a rare pathology, caused by compression of the left renal vein (lrv) between the abdominal aorta (aa) and the superior mesenteric artery (sma), due to reduction of the angle between aa and sma. this leads to lrv varices, left gonadal vein varices and therefore, the pelvic congestion syndrome. for this reason, coexistence of ncs and pelvic congestion syndrome has bee...