In recent past, significant efforts have been made to improve the scientific understanding of exhaust dispersion phenomenon in urban street canyons/intersection. The amount of turbulence generated by natural winds within the street canyon might be smaller than that of traffic induced turbulence. Therefore, the influence of traffic-induced turbulence on exhaust dispersion has to be quantified. I...

OBJECTIVES To explore the immediate pre-crash activities and the routine traffic exposure (street crossing and play) in a sample of urban children struck by automobiles. In particular, the traffic exposure of children who were struck while playing was compared with that of those struck while crossing streets. DESIGN Cross sectional survey. SETTING Urban pediatric emergency department. PAT...

Combustion of fossil fuel in gasoline and diesel powered vehicles is a major source of aerosol particles in a city. In a street canyon, the number concentration of particles smaller than 300 nm in diameter, which can be inhaled and cause serious health effects, is dominated by particles originating from this source. In this study we measured both, particle number size distribution and traffic d...

The analysis aims to evaluate which among traffic parameters (flows, queues length, occupancy degree and travel time) are most important in order to forecast CO and C6H6 concentrations. The study area was identified by Notarbartolo Road and bounded by Libertà Street and Sciuti Street in the urban area of Palermo. In this area, various loop detectors and one pollution monitoring site were locate...

BACKGROUND Incorporating cycling into daily life is one way to increase physical activity. PURPOSE This study examined the impact of building new bike lanes in New Orleans to determine whether more people were cycling on the street and with the flow of traffic after bike lanes were built. METHODS Through direct observation of one intervention and two adjacent streets, observers counted cycl...

This paper explores the relationship between urban traffic, retail location and disease control during COVID-19 pandemic crisis tries to find a way simultaneously address these issues for purpose of street recovery. Drawing on concept 15 min city, study also aims at seeking exit paths next-normal operating models support long-term business prosperity using case Royal Street, East Perth in Weste...

Air pollution has become a severe environmental problem due to urbanization and heavy traffic. Monitoring street-level air quality is an important issue, but most official monitoring stations are installed to monitor large-scale air quality conditions, and their limited spatial resolution cannot reflect the detailed variations in air quality that may be induced by traffic jams. By deploying wir...

The present paper studies simulation of traffic flow in urban environment, microscopic traffic flow simulation models of street’ crossroads are made. The behaviour of cellular automata (CA) models is analyzed by means of such as indexes queue lengths at crossroads with traffic signals, flow rates, average velocities on different roads. The following indicators characterize traffic situations in...

CONTEXT Motor vehicles struck and killed 4739 pedestrians in the United States in the year 2000. Older pedestrians are at especially high risk. OBJECTIVE To determine whether crosswalk markings at urban intersections influence the risk of injury to older pedestrians. DESIGN Case-control study in which the units of study were crossing locations. SETTING Six cities in Washington and Califor...

In this paper authors focus on determination of the threshold velocity of re-suspension for particles 10 m in an urban street canyon with two-way traffic. The urban wind threshold velocity of re-suspension is derived from a long-term measurement carried out in the city of Brno. A numerical modelling based on the finite volume method is used for a detail study of the relation between a wind velo...