The current study measured neural responses to investigate auditory stream segregation of noise stimuli with or without clear spectral contrast. Sequences of alternating A and B noise bursts were presented to elicit stream segregation in normal-hearing listeners. The successive B bursts in each sequence maintained an equal amount of temporal separation with manipulations introduced on the last ...

Various definitions of stream channel stability are presented including "the natural stable channel", the graded river, dynamic equilibrium, and regime channels, and a quantitative assessment methodology is presented that distinguishes between stability states. The assessment procedure involves a stream channel stability prediction and validation methodology on a hierarchical framework. The str...

Cattle grazing effects on aquatic macroinvertebrates were assessed in a 4-year experiment of a mountain stream in northeastern Oregon. From 1996 through 1999, 10 cow–calf pairs were introduced into 6 experimental units along the stream for 42 days between July and September, and effects on aquatic macroinvertebrates were compared with 3 units in which no grazing occurred. Streambank and geomorp...

Environmental flow assessment frameworks have begun to consider changes to flow regimes resulting from land-use change. Urban stormwater runoff, which degrades streams through altered volume, pattern and quality of flow, presents a problem that challenges dominant approaches to stormwater and water resource management, and to environmental flow assessment. We used evidence of ecological respons...

Patients with apraxia perform poorly when demonstrating how an object is used, particularly when pantomiming the action. However, these patients are able to accurately identify, and to pick up and move objects, demonstrating intact ventral and dorsal stream visuomotor processing. Appropriate object manipulation for skilled use is thought to rely on integration of known and visible object proper...

Speech Audio-visual (AV) interaction has been considered for redundancy and complementary properties at the phonetic level but a few experiments have shown a significant role in early auditory analysis. A new paradigm is proposed which uses the pre-voicing component (PVC) excised from a true /b/. When the so called target PVC is added up to a /p/ this leads to the clear perception of /b/. Moreo...

Positive affect has been associated with improvement in performance in various attentional domains. Negative affect has been associated with narrowing of attention and lowering of performance in attentional tasks. Previous behavioral studies have put forth the diffuse mental state idea as the mechanism of these effects, where attentional resources are more evenly distributed during positive aff...