A review of these efforts reveals the importance of security, authenticity, and privacy, which are often overlooked or taken for granted in other instances of making a payment. Money is an ancient human artifice. For approximately 3000 years coins have been minted in India and Greece. Minting coins for use as media of exchange was a significant improvement over the alternative: exchange of meta...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE The etiology of rash in a given patient can be so varied. Good history-taking is very important to prevent unnecessary work-up. In this patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome, the rash was due to "coining," a traditional practice followed in Southeast Asian community and had no relation to her underlying disease.

Photodiode-array-based spectrometers are increasingly being used in a wide variety of applications. However, the signal measured by this type of instrument often is not what is anticipated by the user and is often subject to contamination from stray light. This paper describes an efficient and low-cost stray light correction approach based on a relatively simple system using a monochromator-bas...

Here we. There are scenarios however, where basic e-cash properties are not sufficient. Here we.Electronic cash. It can be traded for goods or.Electronic cash e-cash instruments allow digital payment for goods and ser. properties of e cash pdf There are scenarios however, where basic e-cash properties are not problemas de escritura pdf sufficient.Dec 27, 1997. Electronic coins possess similar p...

Aim: This serological survey was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in two populations of dogs (stray and owned dogs) in Grenada. Dogs get infected with oocysts voided from cats, definitive hosts of T. gondii. In dogs, T. gondii causes subclinical to clinical disease. Earlier studies conducted in Grenada on a small population of owned dogs showed evidence of exposure to ...

Coins of Armenian king Tigranes the Great clearly reveal a star with a tail on the royal tiara which may be associated with the Halley's passage of 87 BC. Tigranes II the Great (95-55 BC) had made Armenia one of powerful kingdoms in Western Asia, extending from the Caucasus to the eastern Mediterranean. The economical needs and the expansion of the empire resulted in diverse silver and copper-b...

How do concrete objects that cue real-world knowledge affect students’ performance on mathematics word problems? In Experiment 1, fourthand sixth-grade students (N 1⁄4 229) solved word problems involving money. Students in the experimental condition were given bills and coins to help them solve the problems, and students in the control condition were not. Students in the experimental condition ...

Coinage occupies an unusual position in archaeological research. Thriving scholarship on numismatics and monetary history ensures that the objects themselves are well-studied, often seen as an indication of chronology and of stylistic and commercial links. Yet coins might also be analysed as artefacts, and explored as part of the symbolic world of material culture through which archaeologists u...

Abstract: In order to increase the power rating of electric vehicles, insulated gate bipolar translator (IGBT) modules with multiple power terminals are usually adopted. The transient current sharing of the same polarity power terminals is related to the stray inductance in the branches of the bus-bar. Based on the laminated bus-bar of a three-phase inverter in the electric vehicles that consis...