Flash memory is a semiconductor memory technology that has interesting price, performance, and semantic tradeoffs. We have developed Gordon, a general-purpose persistence system for Standard ML that uses Flash mapped into the virtual address space as its stable storage medium. Flash supports a write-once/bulk-erase interface that makes it difficult to support update-inplace semantics. In additi...

We adapt Knuth’s balancing scheme, which was originally developed for unconstrained binary code words. We present a simple method to balance the NRZ runlength constrained block codes corresponding to (d, k) constrained NRZI sequences. A short marker violating the maximum runlength or k constraint is used to indicate the balancing point for Knuth’s inversion. The marker requires fewer overhead b...

The MEA is an integral approach of block cipher and transposition cipher method. It takes 64 bit plain text input and produces 64 bit cipher text as in IDEA [13] with modified key schedule to avoid possibilities of weak keys. It further makes transposition of the 64 bit cipher text to 128 bit end cipher text for disk storage. The increased length of end cipher text is a trade-off between the de...

High anisotropy, L1 0 , FePt nanoparticle assemblies consisting of 4 nm diameter particles are considered a potential data storage medium beyond 1 Tbit/in 2. However, annealing at temperatures >500°C is required to form the high anisotropy phase. Recently work on the evolution of FePt nanoparticle assemblies as a function of annealing temperature has shown that for T anneal > 650°C a substantia...

Flash memory is gaining great popularity in both embedded and enterprise systems. Compared to legacy hard drives, flash devices get rid of mechanical components and significantly improve performance. However, flash memory is not merely a faster storage media, and its characteristics provide opportunities of new storage system designs. In this paper, we summarize disruptive techniques on flash s...

introduction: this investigation was undertaken to examine the effect of 4centigrade degree temperature on development and implantation rate of mouse embryos. materials and methods: femal mice (4-6 week old) were induced to superovulate and were mated. two cell embryos were flushed from excited oviducts, 46 – 48 h after the infection of hcg, and were cultured to eight – cell stage in m16 medium...

Avulsion injury is one of the most severe types traumatic dental injuries. Following avulsion, periodontal ligament tissues are injured and vessels nerves pulp rupture at apical foramen which causes necrosis. In studies it was reported that key to retention knocked-out teeth maintain viability ligament. Storage media plays an important role in preserving PDL cells during extra alveolar time. Th...