Cystinuria is a rare autosomal recessive defect causing recurrent urinary tract stone formation. Morbidity from stone formation and repeated urological interventions can be reduced by early diagnosis and adequate medical treatment. In this review, we illustrate these points by discussing three patients with cystinuria and give a brief review of its management.

Gopal, male, aged 30 years, came in with retention ot urine which he had had for 30 hours. His urine was drawn off with a rubber catheter which went in easily, and he was admitted into the ward of the Prince of Wales Hospital. Next morning when notes of the case were recorded he mentioned that there was some obstruction in his rectum and that it was like a ball moving up and down. When further ...

Yoshiyuki Miyamoto, Angel Rubio, Savas Berber, Mina Yoon, and David Tománek Fundamental and Environmental Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, 34 Miyukigaoka Tsukuba 305-8501, Japan Dpto. Fı́sica de Materiales, Facultad de Quı́micas, Universidad del Paı́s Vasco, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain Department of Physics and Astro...

The delineation of cystinuria into two types, 'recessive' and 'incompletely recessive', according to a differential expression of the gene defect in carriers by urinary parameters (Harris et al., 1955a, b), has been further refined into three forms by including in phenotype analysis evidence for heterogeneity (Rosenberg, 1966; Rosenberg et al., 1966) of the accompanying intestinal transport def...

Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), they have received a lot attention because their unusual mechanical electrical properties. Strain rate is one key factors that plays vital role in enhancing properties nanocomposites. In this study, (4, 4) armchair single-walled nanotube (SWCNT) was employed with polymer matrix as polypropylene (PP). The influence compressive strain on SWCNT/PP na...

As a novel one-dimensional full-carbon allotrope, the tensile property of α-graphyne nanotubes (α-GNTs) under different temperatures was studied with reactive molecular dynamics method. A very interesting phenomenon temperature-dependent brittle-ductile transition for carbon nanomaterials found no matter what chirality α-GNT is. The shows brittle behavior an ultimate strain ~0.2 at relatively l...

Atomic rearrangements leading to the coalescence of fullerene cages are revealed by topological analysis. Paths found for nanotubes and C(60) consist exclusively of Stone-Wales bond rotations. Computed intermediate states show gradual evolution from separate clusters to completely fused coherent units. Molecular dynamics simulations follow the predicted routes, overcome the nucleation barrier, ...