St. Augustinegrass is a widely used turf and pasture grass in the southern US. Raleigh is a cultivar known for superior cold tolerance than other St. Augustinegrass cultivars. However, its coarse-leaf texture and long internodes are undesirable when planted in home lawns. Mutagenesis by gamma ray irradiation was employed to treat node cuttings and calli for inducing semi-dwarf growth phenotype....

Clonal plants, fungi, and invertebrate animals often display both intra- and interspecific heterochronic variation in the relative proportions of ramets (e.g., polyps, plantlets) and stolons (or rhizomes, hyphae). Treatment of developing colonies of Podocoryne carnea, a hydractiniid hydroid, with dilute solutions of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, accelerates...

Cnidarians possess remarkable powers of regeneration, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this capability are unclear. Studying the hydrozoan Hydractinia echinata we show that a burst of stem cell proliferation occurs following decapitation, forming a blastema at the oral pole within 24 hr. This process is necessary for head regeneration. Knocking down Piwi1, Vasa, Pl10 or Ncol...

We propose an IBM for clonal plant dynamics, focusing on the effects of the network structure of the plants on the reproductive strategy of ramets. After some numerical tests we propose a large population approximation as an advection-diffusion PDE for population densities. 1 The model Individual-based models are in constant development in computational ecology. These models aim to represent th...

Excessive growth of invasive alien aquatic plants threatens local ecosystems and has both ecological economic impacts. This work highlights morphological functional aspects Pistia stratiotes L., first reported in Fez 2012. The total photosynthetic surface a plant is highly correlated (R2=0.72) to the product length maximum width external leaf. biomass was related (R2=0.71) size averaged 67.54±2...

As a result of the detailed literature reviews, it has been determined that there are limited number studies on stolon anatomy orchids. In this study, Ophrys mammosa subsp. taxon by examining the, is aimed to contribute explanation tuber ontogeny genus. material, microtome sections were taken from embedding preparations with historesin kit in stolons and stained toluidin blue. From anatomical s...

The intensity of "tuberization stimulus" in potato shoots (Solanum tuberosum L.) can be assessed from cuttings containing one or more leaves. Cuttings maintained in a mist chamber under long days will form tubers from underground buds if prior to taking the cutting the leaves received sufficient exposure to photoperiods less than the critical photoperiod. The greatest tendency to tuberize was f...

StCDPK1 encodes a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) from Solanum tuberosum, which is transiently induced upon tuberization in swelling stolons. In situ hybridization determined that StCDPK1 mRNA is localized in the apical dome of tuberizing stolon tips, close to the region where sucrose was reported to accumulate. The expression of StCDPK1, and other tuber-specific genes was enhanced when...

Some potato species require a short-day (SD) photoperiod for tuberization, a process that is negatively affected by gibberellins (GAs). Here we report the isolation of StGA3ox2, a gene encoding a GA 3-oxidase, whose expression is increased in the aerial parts and is repressed in the stolons after transfer of photoperiod-dependent potato plants to SD conditions. Over-expression of StGA3ox2 under...

Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Leguminosae, Fabaceae) is the most important medicinal plant used as a natural sweetener, in Chinese herbal medicines, and as a tobacco flavoring agent. Here, we report the generation of 56,857 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) derived from two full-length cDNA libraries produced from rhizomes (stolons) of two strains of G. uralensis, together with differential expression da...