in the portfolio selection problem, the manager considers several objectives simultaneously such as the rate of return, the liquidity and the risk of portfolios. these objectives are conflicting and incommensurable. moreover, the objectives can be imprecise. generally, the portfolio manager seeks the best combination of the stocks that meets his investment objectives. the imprecise goal program...

due to the particular importance of projects in human life and in organizations, proper project management has been always regarded highly by researchers and practitioners. recent advances in technology and fundamental changes in most scientific areas have affected projects and made their nature and environmental circumstances much more complex than in the past. fortunately, in recent years, ma...

This study aims to examine whether managerial optimism and profit-based incentives affect cost behavior asymmetry, especially stickiness. Differ from previous literature on stickiness, the researchers use an experimental 2 × between-within subjects factorial design. design allows us data related management specifically, not just in general term as studies using archival public financial stateme...

The viscous capture threads produced by over 4000 species of orb-weaving spiders are formed of regularly spaced aqueous droplets supported by a pair of axial fibers. These threads register increased stickiness when spans of increasing lengths contact a surface, indicating that adhesion is recruited from multiple droplets. This study examined threads produced by five species to test the hypothes...

Conditions were found in which Chlamydomonas reinhardi exhibits a circadian alteration of its cell surface, measured as ability to stick to glass. Under these same conditions the cells also show circadian rhythms of cell division and release of daughter cells. The three rhythmic phenomena were shown to have typical properties of rhythms controlled by the biological clock. The rhythm of stickine...

When opinions, behaviors or ideas diffuse within a population, some are invariably stickier than others. The stickier the opinion, behavior or idea, the greater is an individual’s inertia to replace it with an alternative. Here we study the effect of stickiness of opinions in a two-opinion model, where individuals change their opinion only after a certain number of consecutive encounters with t...

Sensory evaluation techniques and instrumental analyses were used to investigate the changes in crumb appearance, texture properties and taste profile of bread containing tea antioxidants. Bread incorporating green tea extract (GTE) at the levels of 1.5 and 5.0 g/kg flour was analyzed concurrently with the control in a random order by panelists. Sensory analysis was carried out through a descri...

Blundering into a sticky spider’s web is unpleasant enough, evenwhenyouare large and can tear free. But for smaller creatures, impacting a web is a death sentence. Brent Opell and colleagues from Virginia Tech, USA, explain that the stickiness of a web depends on the stretchiness of the adhesive globules that are dotted along the spiral thread. ‘When an insect flies into an orb web, its legs, w...