While net precipitation entering the soil is commonly measured in woody ecosystems, there a lack of field measurements for herbaceous vegetation. Small canopy heights and fragile stem structures are primary challenges sampling grasslands under conditions. We designed new situ device, “interception tubes”, throughfall temperate grasslands. The instrument allows natural development grass at multi...

Abstract The higher elevation (>200 m ASL) forests of Norfolk Island are regularly immersed in the clouds and scientific anecdotal evidence suggests that addition to rainfall, water is likely be collected as cloud droplets intercepted by forest canopy. This important for local hydrology ecology, yet it has never been quantified. To address this, a field measurement campaign was established m...

background and aims: nowadays introduction of regular blood transfusion therapy has obviously improved the life expectancy of patients with thalassemia. however, these patients face with newer challenges which influence their quality of life (qol). in this study, the aim of this study was to measure qol among patients with β-thalassemia major (β-tm). methods: a cross-sectional study was done at...

Seifert Fibre Groups (SF-Gps) have been introduced and their first derived groups have been worked out in an earlier paper by the author [2,3]. Now we aim to prove that they are residually soluble and residually finite.

This article presents information about the development and evaluation of the SF-36 Health Survey, a 36-item generic measure of health status. It summarizes studies of reliability and validity and provides administrative and interpretation guidelines for the SF-36. A brief history of the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project is also included.

This paper reports on the findings of a study to derive a preference-based measure of health from the SF-36 for use in economic evaluation. The SF-36 was revised into a six-dimensional health state classification called the SF-6D. A sample of 249 states defined by the SF-6D have been valued by a representative sample of 611 members of the UK general population, using standard gamble. Models are...

Expressions are derived for the vibrational second hyperpolarizability 1'" of SF 6' in the static limit and for the nonlinear-optical processes of the dc Kerr effect, electric-field-induced second harmonic generation (ESHO), and third harmonic generation (THO). These expressions give 1'" in terms of vibrational transition dipole, polarizability, and first hyperpolarizability matrix elements (f-...