Truss structures are widely used in construction of large-scale buildings. Design of steel structures is standardised in detail through set of European standards called EUROCODE. One of these standards, ENV 1993-1-8 deals with design of joints, but it does not cover the design of conical element for reduction of circular hollow section to the joint. Finite element method was used in this paper ...

Cold-formed steel square and rectangular hollow section (SHS/RHS) studs are often used to replace the conventional lipped channel in light gauge frame (LSF) wall systems meet required high load demand. To ensure adequate structural fire resistance of SHS/RHS stud walls, four full-scale tests were previously completed under standard conditions. However, expensive time-consuming, while complex pe...