نتایج جستجو برای: sres scenarios

تعداد نتایج: 109841  

2008
Hugh M Pitcher

In September, 2007, the IPCC convened a workshop to discuss how a new set of scenarios to support climate model runs, mitigation analyses, and impact, adaptation and vulnerability research might be developed. The first phase of the suggested new approach is now approaching completion. This article discusses some of the issues raised by scenario relevant research and analysis since the last set ...

Journal: :Environmental science & technology 2006
F Dentener D Stevenson K Ellingsen T Van Noije M Schultz M Amann C Atherton N Bell D Bergmann I Bey L Bouwman T Butler J Cofala B Collins J Drevet R Doherty B Eickhout H Eskes A Fiore M Gauss D Hauglustaine L Horowitz I S A Isaksen B Josse M Lawrence M Krol J F Lamarque V Montanaro J F Müller V H Peuch G Pitari J Pyle S Rast I Rodriguez M Sanderson N H Savage D Shindell S Strahan S Szopa K Sudo R Van Dingenen O Wild G Zeng

Air quality, ecosystem exposure to nitrogen deposition, and climate change are intimately coupled problems: we assess changes in the global atmospheric environment between 2000 and 2030 using 26 state-of-the-art global atmospheric chemistry models and three different emissions scenarios. The first (CLE) scenario reflects implementation of current air quality legislation around the world, while ...

2005
Ken Caldeira Michael E. Wickett

[1] We present ocean chemistry calculations based on ocean general circulation model simulations of atmospheric CO2 emission, stabilization of atmospheric CO2 content, and stabilization of atmospheric CO2 achieved in total or in part by injection of CO2 to the deep ocean interior. Our goal is to provide first-order results from various CO2 pathways, allowing correspondence with studies of marin...

2014
Amit Bahl Herbert Hoefeler Ignacio Duran Guy Hechmati Cristina Garzon-Rodriguez John Ashcroft Vito Lorusso Prayashi Ghelani Rachel Wei Emma Thomas Diana Lüftner

This study aimed to increase the understanding of health resource utilization (HRU) associated with skeletal-related events (SREs) occurring in patients with bone metastases secondary to advanced prostate cancer. A total of 120 patients from Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom were enrolled in this observational study. They had bone metastases secondary to prostate cancer and had exper...

2014
Nobuyuki Katakami Hiroshi Kunikane Koji Takeda Koichi Takayama Toshiyuki Sawa Hiroshi Saito Masao Harada Soichiro Yokota Kiyoshi Ando Yuko Saito Isao Yokota Yasuo Ohashi Kenji Eguchi

BACKGROUND Bone metastasis (BM) is a frequent complication in patients with advanced lung cancer and it causes skeletal-related events (SREs). Our study aim is to prospectively investigate the incidence of BM, incidence and types of SRE, and predictive factors of BM and SREs. METHODS Newly diagnosed, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients were en...

2005
J. A. KETTLEBOROUGH B. B. B. BOOTH P. A. STOTT M. R. ALLEN

A method for estimating uncertainty in future climate change is discussed in detail and applied to predictions of global mean temperature change. The method uses optimal fingerprinting to make estimates of uncertainty in model simulations of twentieth-century warming. These estimates are then projected forward in time using a linear, compact relationship between twentieth-century warming and tw...

2003
Ian Castles David Henderson

This article restates and extends our critique of the economic and statistical work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), including in particular the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). We respond to the article in the previous issue of Energy and Environment, in which 15 authors associated with the SRES argued against the case we had made there. We give reasons for...

2003
Tom M. L. Wigley

Project is to outline a conceptual framework to estimate the benefits of climate change policies, and to help organise information on this topic for policy makers. The Workshop covered both adaptation and mitigation policies, and related to different spatial and temporal scales for decision-making. However, particular emphasis was placed on understanding global benefits at different levels of m...

Journal: :Remote Sensing 2021

Understanding rainfall processes as the main driver of hydrological cycle is important for formulating future water management strategies; however, data availability challenging countries such Ethiopia. This study aims to evaluate and compare satellite estimates (SREs) derived from tropical measuring mission (TRMM 3B43v7), estimation remotely sensed information using artificial neural networks—...

2017
Anna-Lena Brillen Katrin Schöneweis Lara Walotka Linda Hartmann Lisa Müller Johannes Ptok Wolfgang Kaisers Gereon Poschmann Kai Stühler Emanuele Buratti Stephan Theiss Heiner Schaal

A critical step in exon definition is the recognition of a proper splice donor (5΄ss) by the 5' end of U1 snRNA. In the selection of appropriate 5΄ss, cis-acting splicing regulatory elements (SREs) are indispensable. As a model for 5΄ss recognition, we investigated cryptic 5΄ss selection within the human fibrinogen Bβ-chain gene (FGB) exon 7, where we identified several exonic SREs that simulta...

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