The probiotic relevant characteristics of 45 strains of vaginal Lactobacillus isolated from healthy women were analyzed. Of these, 21 strains were classified as L. crispatus, 17 as L. jensenii, six as L. gasseri, and one as L. plantarum. The rate of acidification varied significantly between the strains as did their ability to form biofilms. None used glycogen as a fermentable carbohydrate. H2O...

Background: For biotechnological application, selected lactic acid bacteria strains belonging to the genera Lactobacillus (Lb) are proposed as an alternative to the antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of urogenital tract infections. Objectives: Isolating and selecting vaginal lactobacilli strains for probiotic use based on their technological and probiotic aptitudes. Materials and Meth...

We have shown that the spermicidal agent benzalkonium chloride can exert a direct inhibitory effect on the viral reverse transcriptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) when utilized at concentrations of 0.05% and higher. Exposure of HIV-1 to this disinfectant at concentrations of more than 0.05% was able to completely destroy viral infectivity, as assessed on susceptible ...

Objective: Sonneratia alba leaves were used by the community for traditional medicine to cure muscle pain, back antioxidants, rheumatism, malaria, wounds, tuberculosis (TB) and as a spermicide. S. extract was easy damage because of light exposure, change pH, weather long period storage time. The problem can be solved coating with microencapsulation technique. purpose this research formulate mic...

for unity at the XIIIth International AIDS Conference in Durban, South Africa Former South African President Nelson Mandela closed the XIIIth International AIDS Conference in Durban with a call for unity in the fight against the HIV/ AIDS epidemic. He commented: ‘‘We will have to rise above our differences and combine our efforts to save our people. History will judge us harshly if we fail to d...

The current pandemic of sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has created an urgent need for a new type of microbicide, one that is both a spermicide and a virucide. In a systematic effort to identify a non-detergent-type antiviral spermicide, we have rationally designed and synthesized a series of cyclohexenyl thiourea (CHET) nonnucle...

Agency (MCA) and their ‘yellow card system’ for reporting possible adverse events involving drugs but fewer are aware of the Medical Devices Agency (MDA) and its role in the safety of medical devices. The term medical device incorporates a huge range of healthcare products from single-use items used every day (such as syringes, needles and dressings) to large hospitalbased equipment (such as x-...

BACKGROUND Nonoxynol-9 (rINN, nonoxinol-9) is an over-the-counter spermicide that has in-vitro anti-HIV-1 activity. Results of studies of its effectiveness in prevention of HIV-1 infection in women have been inconclusive. We aimed to assess effectiveness of this vaginal gel. METHODS We did a randomised, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, phase 2/3 trial with COL-1492, a nonoxynol-9 vaginal g...

Sophorolipids (SLs) are extra cellular glycolipids produced by Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 when grown in the presence of glucose and fatty acids. These compounds have a disaccharide head group connected to a long-chain hydroxyl-fatty acid by a glycosidic bond. To explore structure-activity of modified SLs, a new family of amino acid-SL derivatives was prepared. Synthesized analogs consist of a...