OBJECTIVES To obtain knowledge on male reproductive toxicity of inorganic lead at current European exposure levels and to establish lowest adverse effect levels, if any. METHODS A cross sectional survey of the semen of 503 men employed by 10 companies was conducted in the United Kingdom, Italy, and Belgium. The mean blood lead concentration was 31.0 microg/dl (range 4.6-64.5) in 362 workers e...

Background: Oxidative stress occurs when the oxidative homeostasis is damage. Excessive ROS are generated and this reaction has been proposed to produce marked damage to the structure and function of sperm. Materials and Methods: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of of American Ginseng against cyclophosphamide - induced damage in the rat sperm. For this experiment, t...

The integrity of the paternal genome is essential as the spermatozoon can bring genetic damage into the oocyte at fertilization and contribute to the development of abnormal pregnancy outcome. During the past two decades, many assays have been developed to measure sperm DNA strand breaks, chromatin structure and compaction and assess the proteins associated with the DNA, as well as epigenetic m...

Objective(s): Melatonin, an important hormone secreted by the epiphysis, is a powerful anti-oxidant with a high potential to neutralize medical toxins. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the beneficial effect of melatonin on epididymal sperm and reproductive parameters in mice treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Materials and Methods: Male adult mice were divided into four treatment...

The mammalian Y chromosome is essential for spermatogenesis, which is characterized by sperm cell differentiation and chromatin condensation for acquisition of correct shape of the sperm. Deletions of the male-specific region of the mouse Y chromosome long arm (MSYq), harboring multiple copies of a few genes, lead to sperm head defects and impaired fertility. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation...

We explored the relationship between sperm chromatin integrity, hormone levels, seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and routine sperm parameters in men with male factor (MF, n = 81) and non-male factor (NMF, n = 52) infertility. Semen and blood were collected and examined from men undergoing evaluation for infertility in the Avicenna Infertility Clinic. We have examined each patien...

Bull effect on results of in vitro embryo production has been well documented. The aim of the present study was to find the relationship between quality of bull sperm chromatin and its effect on in vitro embryo production. Bovine in vitro matured oocytes were fertilized in vitro using capacitated spermatozoa (freshly ejaculated or frozen-thawed) of 12 bulls. Semen was simultaneously processed a...

introduction: semen parameters and specially sperm morphology is used for the assessment of semen sample and for the prediction of the fertilization. however there is semen samples with normal sperm morphology but with hidden sperm chromatin anomalies. since sperm morphology and chromatin anomalies reduce the fertilization rat independently, the purpose of this study is to consider the relation...

Background: Methotrexate (MTX), as antimetabolite and antifolate compound, is used to treat the certain types of tissue over activity and cancers. The MTX interferes with cell division through inhibiting the purine and pyrimidine synthesis. Moreover, the toxic impact of the MTX on gonadal tissues has been reported. Therefore, current study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of corn...