We present the process of building linguistic corpora of the Portuguese-related Gulf of Guinea creoles, a cluster of four historically related languages: Santome, Angolar, Principense and Fa d’Ambô. We faced the typical difficulties of languages lacking an official status, such as lack of standard spelling, language variation, lack of basic language instruments, and small data sets, which compr...

BACKGROUND Children born extremely premature (<28 weeks) or with a very low birth weight (<1500 g) have a poorer school performance than children born at term with a normal birth weight. Much less is known about children of higher gestational ages and birth weights. We studied gestational age after 32 completed weeks and birth weight in relation to the child's school performance at the age of 1...

concepts of time and direction. Geary (2004) describes three sub types of dyscalculia: procedural, semantic memory and visuospatial. The Procedural Subtype is identified where the individual exhibits developmentally immature procedures, frequent errors in the execution of procedures, poor understanding of the concepts underlying procedural use, and difficulties sequencing multiple steps in comp...

The Institute for Learning (IfL) at Hull University has had a long and successful association with Parkstone Primary School. In the early 1990s the Institute was approached by the headmaster of the school, Kent Dewar, with the suggestion that our computer expertise could be used to support children who were having reading difficulties. The results of that research were published in the British ...

PURPOSE Despite strong investment in raising literacy achievement for all children, significant inequalities in literacy outcomes continue to exist among some of the world's most advanced economies. This study investigated the influence of a short, intensive period of phonological awareness (PA) instruction implemented by classroom teachers on raising the literacy achievement of children with a...

The present study examined academic skills in children and young adults with infantile nephropathic cystinosis. Cystinosis is a genetic metabolic disorder in which the amino acid cystine accumulates in various tissues and organs, including the kidney, cornea, thyroid, and brain. Individuals with cystinosis have normal intelligence but subtle visual processing impairments. Subjects were 19 child...

People searching for information occasionally experience difficulties finding what they want on the Web. This might happen if they cannot quite come up with the right search terms. What do searchers do when this happens? Intuitively one imagines that they will try a number of associated search terms to zero in on their intended search target. Certainly the provision of spelling suggestions and ...

This article reviews our understanding of reading disorders in children and relates it to current proposals for their classification in DSM-5. There are two different, commonly occurring, forms of reading disorder in children which arise from different underlying language difficulties. Dyslexia (as defined in DSM-5), or decoding difficulty, refers to children who have difficulty in mastering th...

AIM Basic verbal and academic skills can be adversely affected by early-onset diabetes, although these skills have been studied less than other cognitive functions. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of learning deficits in children with diabetes by assessing basic verbal and academic skills in children with early-onset diabetes and in comparison children. In addition, the incidence of d...

1. Background and Motivation In 1993-1994, Dr. Michael Higgins of Yamaguchi University developed and did initial testing on a new system of phonetic spelling of the sounds in English as an aid to learning better English pronunciation and improving listening and spelling skills in English for Japanese students of English. The method, subsequently entitled "A Sound Approach"ã, was tested initiall...