This paper examines strategy development processes in surface transportation systems. In the U.S., transportation organizations typically develop strategy through a formal planning process; however, planning is not the only approach for developing strategy. Other approaches include, for example, negotiation, visioning, learning, and consensus-building. Regardless of the particular approach or c...

I describe a statistical model for natural photographic images, when decomposed in a multi-scale wavelet basis. In particular, I examine both the marginal and pairwise joint histograms of wavelet coefficients at adjacent spatial locations, orientations, and spatial scales. Although the histograms are highly non-Gaussian, they are nevertheless well described using fairly simple parameterized den...

In this note we prove the existence of an inertial manifold, i.e., a global invariant, exponentially attracting, finite-dimensional smooth manifold, for two different sub-grid scale α-models of turbulence: the simplified Bardina model and the modified Leray-α model, in two-dimensional space. That is, we show the existence of an exact rule that parameterizes the dynamics of small spatial scales ...

We consider the motion of a particle governed by a weakly random Hamiltonian flow. We identify temporal and spatial scales on which the particle trajectory converges to a spatial Brownian motion. The main technical issue in the proof is to obtain error estimates for the convergence of the solution of the stochastic acceleration problem to a momentum diffusion. We also apply our results to the s...

Attractiveness of places has been studied by several sciences, giving rise to distinct ways for assessing it. However, the attractiveness evaluation methods currently available lack versatility to analyze diverse attractiveness phenomena in different kinds of places and spatial scales. This article describes a novel method, called M-Attract, to assess interesting attractiveness of places, based...

Resourcesat-1 satellite offers a unique opportunity of simultaneous observations at three different spatial scales through LISSIV, LISS-III (improved LISS-III) and AWiFS sensors from a common platform. The sensors have enhanced capabilities in terms of spectral, spatial and radiometric resolution as compared to earlier Indian Remote sensing Satellite sensors. This paper summarizes the results o...

The objective of this work is to quantitatively verify the quality of COAMPS clear-sky forecasts in terms of the position and timing of clear-sky events primarily over the Pacific Ocean. The results will be communicated in terms of the systematic biases as well as the ability to predict clear periods over a range of spatial scales. The feasibility of applying statistical forecasts and/or physic...

A simple model of animal movement on random and patterned landscapes was used to explore the problems of extrapolating information across a range of spatial scales. Simulation results indicate that simple relationships between pattern and process will produce a variety of scale-dependent effects. These theoretical studies can be used to design experiments for determining the nature of scale-dep...

Although step-pools are generally considered to be stable bedforms, stability is not absolute, but depends on size, scale, and perspective. Hydraulic analysis of the stability of step-pool sequences in the Santa Monica Mountains, California, indicates that they are active channel features that are generally restructured within 5 to 100 years. The degree of mobility depends on step particle size...

Microwave vegetation index (MVI) is a vegetation index defined in microwave bands. It has been developed based on observations from AMSR-E and widely used to monitor global vegetation. Recently, our study found that MVI was influenced by the atmosphere, although it was calculated from microwave bands. Ignoring the atmospheric influence might bring obvious uncertainty to the study of global vege...