The micro-structure of laminar premixed, atmospheric-pressure, fuel-rich flames of n-heptane/oxygen/argon has been studied at two equivalence ratios (C/O 0.63 and C/O 0.67). A heated quartz microprobe coupled to an online gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HP 5890 Series II/HP 5972) has been used to establish the identities and absolute concentrations of stable major, minor, and trace specie...

Comparisons with respect to the sooting tendency are made between stationary diffusion flames and diffusion flames with pulsations induced by oscillating fuel flow. Time-resolved measurements of the soot particle properties in the flames are obtained by combining Rayleigh-scattering, laser-induced incandescence, and extinction measurements into the RAYLIX method. Furthermore, flame luminosity a...

This paper is a comprehensive study dealing with the parameters that influence the response of a resistive soot sensor which was developed for Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) failure detection in a past project. From the conductance measurement between two Pt electrodes, and a regeneration strategy, this kind of sensor can provide the weight concentration of particulate matter (PM). In this stu...

Standard procedure for dispersing natural soils for particle size fractionation can be too aggressive for soil containing coal and other organic particles from coal industries. We have investigated ultrasonic dispersion for the latter in four soils differing in pedogenesis (Phaeozem, Podzol, reclaimed mine soils), carbon content (27.5±138.6 g kg), clay content (80±153 g kg) and sources of parti...

A two-laser technique is used to study laser-particle interactions and the disintegration of soot by high-power UV light. Two separate 20 ns laser pulses irradiate combustion-generated soot nanoparticles with 193 nm photons. The first laser pulse, from 0 to 14.7 J/cm2, photofragments the soot particles and electronically excites the liberated carbon atoms. The second laser pulse, held constant ...

Measures of desorption are currently considered important as potential surrogates for bioaccumulation as measures of the bioavailability of sediment-sorbed contaminants. This study determined desorption rates of four laboratory spiked compounds, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP), 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCBP), and pyrene (PY), to evaluate the effect of sedime...

In this study, using the lattice Boltzmann method, we simulate soot accumulation in porous media to examine the particle trap in a diesel particulate filter (DPF). The porous media are numerically formed for different inner structure with given porosity. The porous structure similar to the real sample, Ni-Cr metal, can be obtained, where the pressure fields in both cases are almost the same. In...