The five-toed jerboas of genus Allactaga Cuvier, 1837 have been distributed in arid and semi-desert regions throughout northern Africa, Iranian Plateau and Central Asia to Mongolia. This genus has 12 species of which five have been so far reported from Iran including, Small Five-toed Jerboa (A. elater), William’s Jerboa (A. williamsi), Euphrate’s Jerboa (A. euphratica); Hotson’s Jerboa (A. hots...

background: the existence of some radionuclides in soil and some building materials produce a β-γ radiation field, which in some regions the exposure of these radionuclides to human is high. materials and methods: the air-absorbed dose, indoor and outdoor annual effective dose of soil and some building material samples (ceramic, granite, gypsum, etc.). the samples were collected from 35 differe...

Background: The existence of some radionuclides in soil and some building materials produce a β-γ radiation field, which in some regions the exposure of these radionuclides to human is high. Materials and Methods: The air-absorbed dose, indoor and outdoor annual effective dose of soil and some building material samples (ceramic, granite, gypsum, etc.). The samples were collected from 3...

Penile fracture (PF) is considered an emergency in urology. In the literature there are some case series reporting considerable incidence of PF in some parts of Iran. There are no accurate data about the incidence of PF all around Iran. Although it may be uncommon in other parts of the country and in the other countries, it can also be underreported. There are some challenges in diagnosis, mana...

The inhibitory effect of onion extract on cassava leaf polyphenol oxidase was investigated. The polyphenol oxidase from cassava leaves was strongly inhibited by various anti-browning agents such as L-ascorbic acid and L-cysteine. The percentage of inhibition increased with the increased of anti-browning agents concentrations. The addition of heated onion extract exhibited a stronger inhibitory ...

Gypsy moth is an exotic insect from Europe and was introduced into the United States in the mid 1800s near Boston Massachusetts. The moth spread throughout the Northeast and remained there until the 1930s. The following years saw rapid migration throughout the mid-Atlantic regions. By the 1990s, the moth was found throughout the northeast, mid-Atlantic regions, Michigan, and currently inhabits ...

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most economically important monocot outside of the grasses and is a member of the family Alliaceae in the order Asparagales. The Asparagales are a monophyletic order sister to the Commelinanae, which carries the grasses, palms, and bananas. These two important groups of monocots separated at least 130 million years ago and show little synteny at the recombinational...