The fundamental correlations between solubility and solvation structure for the electrolyte system comprising N-(ferrocenylmethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N-ethylammonium bistrifluoromethylsulfonimide (Fc1N112-TFSI) dissolved in a ternary carbonate solvent mixture is analyzed using combined NMR relaxation and computational methods. Probing the evolution of the solvent−solvent, ion−solvent and ion−ion inte...

SEAWAT is a finite-difference computer code designed to simulate coupled variable-density ground water flow and solute transport. This paper describes a new version of SEAWAT that adds the ability to simultaneously model energy and solute transport. This is necessary for simulating the transport of heat and salinity in coastal aquifers for example. This work extends the equation of state for fl...

Coffee extract was freeze-concentrated through block and falling-film techniques. Solute retention and concentration efficiency were determined after one stage of these processes. Ice morphology was characterized through image analysis. Preservation of volatile compounds was determined through GC-MS. The effect of coffee extract on flavour was determined after freeze concentration through senso...

0022-1694/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.11.008 * Corresponding author. Address: P-12, New Med 221005, India. Tel.: +91 9450541328. E-mail addresses: [email protected], naveen@ In the present study one-dimensional advection–diffusion equation with variable coefficients is solved for three dispersion problems: (i) solute dispersion along steady flow through...

Precipitation/dissolution reactions coupled with solute transport are modelled as a cellular automaton in which solute molecules perform a random walk on a regular lattice and react according to a local probabilistic rule. Stationary solid particles dissolve with a certain probability and, provided solid is already present or the solution is saturated, solute particles have a probability to pre...

We present a theory for pore dynamics of osmotically stressed vesicles. When a liposome with an internal concentration of solute is placed inside a solute-depleted medium, an osmotic flow of solvent through the lipid bilayer leads to swelling of vesicle and to increase in membrane surface tension. This can result in membrane rupture and opening of thermal pores. Depending on the internal concen...

Norwich’s Entropy Theory of Perception reveals a startling conclusion: that Stevens’ Law with an Index of 1, a power function stating direct proportionality between perceived taste intensity and stimulus concentration, arises purely from theory. Norwich’s theorizing starts with extraordinary hypotheses. First, “multiple, parallel receptor-neuron units” without collaterals “carry essentially the...

A variance-based method of analysis is described in which the clump size (average number of solute atoms aggregated together) of one atomic species (solute) in a matrix can be determined from a set of composition measurements taken from volumes which contain a much greater number of solute atoms than the clump size. The observed variance of the solute concentration measurements, each of which i...

The influence of osmotic pressure and solute adsorption on permeate flux during nanofiltration (NF) of a wool textile dye solution was investigated. Solutions of C.I. Acid Orange 7 with concentrations ranging from 2 to 2000 mg/l were subjected to nanofiltration with a NF 45 membrane. An increase of flux decline with dye concentration was observed. The resistance-in-series model gives evidence t...

Transport of contaminants in soils, nutrients in bones, and movement of minerals in soils are examples of solute transport in porous media. Theoretical methods used to study solute transport in porous media include numerical experiments on networks, on media with fractal geometry and percolation methods; method of moments and homogenization techniques on periodic media, and method of moments on...