This paper presents a novel closure conversion strategy which is part of MLton, a whole-program compiler for Standard ML. Unlike other implementations, MLton performs closure-conversion at an early stage to translate programs to a simply-typed rst-order intermediate language upon which most optimizations are performed. Closure conversion is guided by a global control-ow analysis. Like previous ...

INTRODUCTION  Emergency medical services (EMS) are sometimes required to respond to cases that are later found not to be emergencies, resulting in high levels of inappropriate responses. This study evaluated the extent to which this occurs. METHODS  All cases dispatched over 72 hours by the eThekwini EMS in Durban, South Africa, were prospectively enrolled in a quantitative descriptive study....

ral Sea, Karakalpakstan — It's another punishingly hot day as I make my way to the project sites for a routine supervisory visit. Médecins sans Frontières is in this remote , semi-autonomous region of Uzbekistan to help the local Ministry of Health combat a frightening tuberculosis epidemic. By training local health care workers and providing drugs, laboratories , and water and sanitation upgra...

The emergence of the interdisciplinary field of salivary bioscience has created opportunity for neonatal researchers to measure multiple components of biological systems non-invasively in oral fluids. The implications are profound and potentially high impact. From a single oral fluid specimen, information can be obtained about a vast array of biological systems (e.g., endocrine, immune, autonom...

We show that hydrodynamic modeling coupled to the synthesis of the plasma emission, taking into account the response of a given instrument, provides very useful information for the interpretation of ar-ing coronal loops observed in the X-ray band. We show how the same model are would appear very diierent if observed with Yohkoh SXT and TRACE and how our approach can help in providing a very det...

account of the several works that came from Digby's pen and, if one might judge from his Private Memoirs, his over-active brain. But even in this involved field of authorship one fails to find a solution to the strange uncertainties and contradictions that made Digby, Digby. Even the "powder of sympathy" in all its implications affords no explanation. Nevertheless, Sir Kenelm could not well be ...

1. INTRODUCTION. It has become a truism, at least among statisticians, that while statistics is a mathematical science, it is not a subfield of mathematics. We even have apho-risms to express some ways in which our science differs from mathematics. George Box: " All models are wrong, but some are useful. " George Cobb: " In mathematics, context obscures structure. In data analysis, context prov...

A popular approach to significance testing proposes to decide whether the given hypothesized statistical model is likely to be true (or false). Statistical decision theory provides a basis for this approach by requiring every significance test to make a decision about the truth of the hypothesis/model under consideration. Unfortunately, many interesting and useful models are obviously false (th...