the theory of muḥammad jawād mughniya entitled “social understanding of statutes”, is the evolved mechanism for the refinement of the basis of a ruling (tanqīḥ-i manāṭ) in legal reasoning (ijtihād) process, which has been developed according to such principles and criteria as objectives of sharī‘a, convention, and contextual manifestation. heeding the objectives of sharī‘a, in view of the tempo...

contemporary sociology in many ways still depends on the classical theories. the emergence of new phenomena and their increasing importance in the modern society requires new explanations. the qualitative and quantitative growth of sciences, especially humanities, in the last hundred years has made various scientific disciplines dependent on each other. this is what makes the work of contempora...

1. revised and extended axiomatic theory and proof development. 2. a new curriculum with extensive questions, intuitive illustrations of key concepts, exercises in formal proofs, and an emphasis on the use of mathematical logic as a formal tool for the analysis of informal concept". 3. parallel languages-a completely new formal language containing concise formulas for use in proofs together wit...

Circumstances that led to the development of the Theory: The SCT has its origins in the discipline of psychology, with its early foundation being laid by behavioral and social psychologists. The SLT evolved under the umbrella of behaviorism, which is a cluster of psychological theories intended to explain why people and animals behave the way that they do. Behaviorism, introduced by John Watson...