Indirectresponsetotheriseinfakenewsasasocio-culturalandpoliticalphenomenon,thisarticle presentsananalysisofthefactorsthatmayhelptoexplainthereceptionoffakenews.Inaddition, recentpronouncementsmadebytheTrumpWhiteHouseseemtochallengethenatureofanobjective truth.Animmersivenarratologyemphasizesthatdifferentuniversesofdiscoursecanintermi...

first, fairclough has considered the concrete texts in a linguistic position, then identified discourses which is based on the text and finally describe their dependency to micro social theories. his purpose has been to aware consumer of media texts in critical language. every text leads readers towards an understanding of certain facts. the main concern of fairclough has been the identificatio...

Social networks are graphs to represent social relationships. Social networks often change, but graph theory is based on static graphs. To deal with such dynamics we start from Searle‘s construction of social reality [4]. Example 1Game of Diplomacy game board: map with countries, armies of players moves: attack; collect taxes; invest social relation: power, fear, trust, alliance, ... Speech act...

Abstract This article describes how the facts in social reality take an intermediate position between objective and purely subjective ‘facts’. In turn, these can be subdivided into constructivist non-constructivist facts. The defining difference is that are completely determined by approximate consensus members of a group, while founded such but nevertheless questioned. Ought fact Because they ...

Political groups, civil organizations, the media and private citizens increasingly question the validity of scientific findings about challenging issues such as global climate change, and actively resist the application of new technologies, such as GM crops. By using new communication technologies, these actors can reach out to many people in real time, which gives them a huge advantage over th...

Determined attempts to quantify social phenomena have allowed bureaucratic organisations to collect numerical data from increasingly diverse sources, in seemingly ever increasing volume. For many, there is a certain amount of comfort to be had from columns of figures, bar charts and percentages and we take for granted that statistical data will be derived from sources such as census forms, tax ...

Substantial evidence indicates that our social networks are divided into tiers in which people have a few very close social support group, a larger set of friends, and a much larger number of relatively distant acquaintances. Because homophily—the principle that like seeks like—has been suggested as a mechanism by which people interact, it may also provide a mechanism that generates such freque...

some of the islamic philosophers such as farabi and mulla sadra supporting the belief in sacred and divine revelation, began to give a philosophical explanation in the field. in philosophical explanation of revelation, revealed facts can be divided into two: general and particular, perceived respectively by the prophet`s intellect and imagination. both the philosophers when explaining divine re...