This paper continues our computer studies using virtual systems to examine the behavior of subsystems in a system as a model of the behavior of social systems made up of individuals. The subsystems in our virtual system are global cellular automata (GCAs) as suggested by Wolfram [1], placed at the vertices of a GCA network (GCAN) as developed by Chandler [2]. The behavioral results are based on...

This study highlights Syrian communication practices using comparative tests with the United States communication as a baseline. Additionally, theoretical findings on individualism and collectivism theory are extended to include findings from Syria. Multivariate Analysis of Covariance was used to test culture's effect in demographically similar (in age, SES, and education) student convenience s...

research on l2 learners’ success at development and appropriate use of pragmatic ability and knowledge has mostly approached the issue from a cognitive or social perspective, and less attention has been devoted to the problem from the equally important emotional or individual-psychological lenses. this study sought to explore, first, the interplay between iranian advanced efl learners’ pragmati...