The problem of computing Nash equilibria of two-player zero-sum games may be reduced to a polynomialtime solvable linear programming problem. For r > 2, the equilibrium strategies of r-player zero-sum games may be irrational, and it is unclear whether non-zero-sum games, even for two players, may be solved quickly. In general, one gets the sense that the complexity of computing Nash equilibria ...

With the increasing use of different types of auctions in market designing, modeling of participants’ behaviors to evaluate the market structure is one of the main discussions in the studies related to the deregulated power industries. In this article, we apply an approach of the optimal bidding behavior to the Iran wholesale electricity market as a restructured electric power industry and mode...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the commonest cause of abnormal liver function tests (LFTs) in the UK with approximately a third of the population being affected. The exact prevalence is not known, but population studies from the USA and China using magnetic resonance spectroscopy estimate that approximately 30% of the general population have steatosis. It is a spectrum of dise...

background: despite the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash), no treatment has been proven to be effective in these common diseases. although many studies have shown that lifestyle modifications such as increasing physical activities and exercise could be effective in the treatment of these common diseases, the optimal strategy is stil...

We survey a research line recently initiated by Mavronicolas et al. [14, 15, 16], concerning a strategic game on a graph G(V,E) with two confronting classes of randomized players: ν attackers who choose vertices and wish to minimize the probability of being caught by the defender, who chooses edges and gains the expected number of attackers it catches. So, the defender captures system rationali...

Background: Pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with systemic inflammatory responses. Objective: To investigate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) compared to healthy individuals. Methods: This case-control study was c...

We introduce two new variations on the Nash demand game. One, like all known Nash-like demand games so far, has the Nash solution outcome as its equilibrium outcome. In the other, the range of solutions depends on an exogenous breakdown probability; surprisingly, the Kalai-Smorodinsky outcome proves to be the most robust equilibrium outcome. While the KalaiSmorodinsky solution always finishes o...