existed electricity grids deliver produced power to the consumer passing through transmission and distribution grids. according to high losses of these grids in transmission level and inexistence of bilateral interaction for simultaneous information exchange, a concept of smart grids were made by capabilities such as consciously participation of consumers in the smart electricity grids, an amou...

The strain rate effect of reinforcing steel bars is generally indispensable for modeling the dynamic responses of reinforced concrete structures in blast and impact events. A systematic experimental investigation was conducted on the strain rate behavior of reinforcing steel bar grades HPB235, HRB335, HRB400, and HRB500 which are widely used in the field of civil engineering in China. The dynam...

Through an experimental program of eighteen specimens presented in this paper, the bond strength between reinforcing bar and rubberized concrete was produced by adding waste tire rubber instead natural aggregate. The fine coarse aggregate replaced 0%, 25%, 50% with small pieces a tire. Natural replacement ratio, rebar size, embedded length, yield stress rebar, cover, compressive were studied in...

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is the major cause of deterioration in concrete structures, and carbon dioxide and especially chlorides are the main causes of damage. The rate at which chloride ions diffuse through concrete is a major determinant of the durability of structures. If chloride ions reach the vicinity of the rebar, the passive film around the steel can start to break down and the ...

Durability of reinforced concrete with respect to corrosion of reinforcement is one of the major aspects to be considered in the management of civil infrastructure systems. An accelerated laboratory test method developed at SERC where the concrete specimen containing rebar is subjected to polarization under a constant voltage in a sodium chloride solution. It is found that the current response ...

The subjective experience of habit captured by self-report indexes may lead to inaccuracies in the measurement of habitual action Martin S. Hagger, Amanda L. Rebar, Barbara Mullan, Ottmar V. Lipp & Nikos L. D. Chatzisarantis a Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Austral...