Copper slag, a by-product of the pyrometallurgical process used for obtaining copper from ore in Bor, Serbia, contains mainly silicon, iron, calcium, and aluminium oxides. Due to such properties, it is disposed landfills. Despite favourable technical properties slag aggregates possess, as low-water absorption (WA24 0.6%), low resistance fragmentation (LA 10%), wear (MDE 4%), its use constructio...

Vanadium is an important metal used almost exclusively in ferrous and non-ferrous alloys due to its physicochemical and mechanical properties such as grain refinement, high tensile strength, hardness and fatigue resistance; it has a wide range of uses in the metallurgical and chemical sectors [1–3]. There are mainly three kinds of raw materials, bone coal, vanadium slag and waste vanadium catal...

Many phenomena in continuous casting including the formation of surface defects are greatly affected by heat transfer in the mold. The interfacial slag layers between the solidifying steel shell and the mold wall dominates the resistance to heat removal and thus controls mold heat transfer. Surface defects, such as longitudinal cracks and star cracks have been associated with variation of slag ...

An experimental study was performed to measure the rate of reduction of iron oxide from calcia-silica-alumina slag by carbon in iron, and to determine whether the reaction rate can be increased by electrochemical means. It is shown that the reaction rate depends on both the ferric-ferrous cation ratio, and on the total amount of iron in the slag. It was observed that ferric cations are reduced ...

The term "extremophile" was introduced to describe any organism capable of living and growing under extreme conditions. With the further development of studies on microbial ecology and taxonomy, a variety of "extreme" environments have been found and an increasing number of extremophiles are being described. Extremophiles have also been investigated as far as regarding the search for life on ot...

Slag-based silicate fertilizer has been widely used to improve soil silicon- availability and crop productivity. A consecutive early rice-late rice rotation experiment was conducted to test the impacts of steel slag on soil pH, silicon availability, rice growth and metals-immobilization in paddy soil. Our results show that application of slag at a rate above higher or equal to 1 600 mg plant-av...

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical, radiological and leaching properties of slag and ash produced by a thermoelectric unit of a former factory Adriavinil and deposited in the area of Kasktel Gomilica near Split, Croatia. A total of 33 samples were analysed. The bioavailable fraction of the slag and ash was estimated using different leaching tests. The waste material was c...

A common feature shared by all pyrometallurgical smelting processes is the production of slag. Slag is usually a byproduct of metal production, although there are processes (such as ilmenite smelting, for example) where the slag is the principal product. Most slags contain a significant amount of heavy metals, the release of which can cause environmental problems. However, the recovery of these...

This study aims to investigate the activating effect of Na2CO3 and NaOH on the workability and mechanic strength of slag-based alkali activated materials with different alkali contents and water to binder ratios. The heat release during the reaction process of slag activated with sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide were monitored respectively to analyze the hydration process. Meanwhile, the w...

Microwave technique were used to investigate the early hydration of slag cement with different slag percentages, different activators and different amount of activator. It is found that higher slag cement causes a higher dielectric constant E and a shorter induction period. But higher slag cement samples have very different electrical conductivity (3 compared with that of pure cement, their o c...