A dry-land winter training programme for dinghy-sailors is described. Individual elements include circuit training, specific exercises for muscle strength and endurance, and distance running. Ten international-class sailors followed a progressive regimen of this type for 14 weeks after completion of the 1973 season. Excess weight and skinfold thicknesses were reduced, while muscle strength, end...

Microdialysis is a method by which compounds can be studied in the extracellular space in skin, in vivo. The microdialysis probe is inserted in the dermis using a guide cannula. It is expected that intradermal oedema associated with insertion trauma as well as the probe depth can influence the results of microdialysis studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of insertion ...

Skin is the outermost layer of the human body which regulates the body temperature and protects the body from abrasion and water loss. The Young’s Modulus of skin is measured as a ratio of the stress applied to the skin in vitro or in vivo over the skin deformation. Skin is found to be highly anisotropic and Young’s Modulus is found to be dependent on orientation with respect to Langer’s lines,...

BACKGROUND The formation of free radicals in human skin by solar ultraviolet radiation is considered to be the main reason for extrinsic skin aging. The antioxidants in human tissue represent an efficient protection system against the destructive action of these reactive free radicals. In this study, the parameters of the skin, epidermal thickness, stratum corneum moisture, elasticity and wrink...

Burns account for a significant proportion of injuries, and of these the face, neck, and anterior torso are commonly affected. Burn scars remain a lasting reminder of the insult both for the patient and the outside world. There is little doubt that the change in appearance and the limitation imposed by a burn scar contribute to negative body image. Treatment of hypertrophic scars in the neck ha...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is increasingly used in neonatal intensive care. We investigated the impact of skin, bone, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) layer thickness in term and preterm infants on absorption-(μa) and/or reduced scattering coefficients (μs') measured by multidistance frequency-domain (FD)-NIRS. Transcranial ultrasound was performed to measure the layer thicknesses. Correlat...

BACKGROUND To determine the usefulness of ultrasonography in the assessment of post radiotherapy skin changes in postmastectomy breast cancer patients. METHODS Patients treated for postmastectomy radiotherapy in National University Hospital (NUH) and Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), Singapore between January 2004- December 2005 was recruited retrospectively. Ultrasound scan was performed on the...

This study addresses the development of an animal model for human giant congenital nevomelanocytic nevi (GCNN). Skin grafts were made from 1) non-involved split-thickness skin from a 12-month-old GCNN patient, 2) nevus split-thickness skin from the same GCNN patient, 3) nevus full-thickness skin, and 4) cadaveric human split-thickness skin. For groups 1) and 2), human epidermal and dermal cells...

abstract background: the loop colostomy is one of the most popular techniques used as a protective maneuver for a distal anastomosis and/or temporary fecal diversion. we are introducing the use of a full thickness skin bridge under the large bowel instead of a glass rod which alleviates problems such as protrusion of the large bowel, retraction of the bowel into the abdomen after removing the r...

BACKGROUND The hands are commonly affected in severe thermal burn injuries. Resulting contractures lead to significant loss of function. Burn contracture release and skin grafting are necessary to restore hand function. We report a case in which surgical reconstruction of a volar hand burn was performed with full-thickness skin grafting. The patient had a 40-year follow-up to assess the functio...