Mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3-5, are NAD+-dependent deacylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases that are critical for stress responses. However, a comprehensive understanding of sirtuin targets, regulation of sirtuin activity, and the relationships between sirtuins remains a key challenge in mitochondrial physiology. Here, we employ systematic interaction proteomics to elucidate the mitochondrial si...

BACKGROUND/AIM The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is accompanied by the induction of oxidative stress, especially mediated by HBV X protein (HBx). Oxidative stress has been implicated in a series of pathological states, such as DNA damage, cell survival and apoptosis. However, the host factor by which cells protect themselves under this oxidative stress is poorly understood. METHODOLOGY/PR...

Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) has a critical role in the regulation of human aging and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. A recent study has identified Sirt3 as an essential regulator of stem cell aging. This study investigated whether Sirt3 is necessary for bone marrow cell (BMC)-mediated cardiac repair in post-myocardial infarction (MI). In vitro, BMC-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) fro...

Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) is a major mitochondrial NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase and plays a key role in the progression and development of human cancers. Although the prognostic and clinicopathological features of SIRT3 expression in various cancers have been investigated by different research groups, however, inconsistent and opposing results can be observed. In this study, we therefore performed a me...

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), is a mitochondria-localized antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide anions generated in the respiratory chains, has been known to play an important role in the radioprotection, and function as a tumor suppressor gene in many types of cancer. Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is a mitochondrial NADdependent deacetylase that regulates mitochondrial oxidative metabolis...

since the realization that aging is a regulated process, intense research has gone into uncovering the key players underlying its regulation. Among the most intriguing molecular factors that have been uncovered are the sirtuins, a family of NAD +-dependent deacetylases that have been implicated in lifespan extension in model organisms ranging from yeast to flies[1]. Mammals contain seven member...

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial protein, is involved in energy metabolism, cell apoptosis and mitochondrial function. However, the role of SIRT3 in neural stem cells (NSCs) remains unknown. In previous studies, we found that microglia activation-induced cytotoxicity negatively regulated survival of NSCs, along with mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the poten...

Inflammation is a common denominator in chronic diseases of aging. Yet, how inflammation fuels these diseases remains unknown. Neutrophils are the primary leukocytes involved in the early phase of innate immunity and inflammation. As part of their anti-microbial defense, neutrophils form extracellular traps (NETs) by releasing decondensed chromatin lined with cytotoxic proteins. NETs have been ...

Background Sirtuins are a family of NAD-dependent deacetylase, deacylase, and/or mono-ADP ribosyltransferase enzymes involved in regulation of many biological processes. Mammals contain seven sirtuins, three of which are localized to the mitochondria (SIRT3-5). SIRT3 has been shown to be the major mitochondrial deacetylase that regulates metabolic enzymes and promotes oxidative metabolism and e...

In response to stroke-induced injury, astrocytes can be activated and form a scar. Inflammation is an essential component for glial scar formation. Previous study has shown that adjudin, a potential Sirt3 activator, could attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and stroke-induced neuroinflammation. To investigate the potential inhibitory effect and mechanism of adjudin on astrocyte activation, we u...