Let $(X, N)$ be a fuzzy normed space and $A$ be a fuzzy boundedsubset of $X$.  We define fuzzy $ell^infty$-sums and fuzzy $c_0$-sums offuzzy normed spaces. Then we will show that in these spaces, all  fuzzyuniquely remotal sets are singletons.

In the present study, we evaluated whether childhood differences in body height between singletons and twins persist into adulthood. Data from the Medical Birth Register of Norway were linked with data from the Norwegian National Conscript Service. This study used data on the 457,999 males who were born alive and without physical anomalies in single or twin births in Norway during 1967-1984 and...

Expressed sequence tag (EST) markers have been used to assess variety and genetic diversity in wheat (Triticum aestivum). In this study, 1549 ESTs from wheat infested with yellow rust were used to examine the genetic diversity of six susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars. The aim of using these cultivars was to improve the competitiveness of public wheat breeding programs through the intens...

Since singletons are the connected sets, the species X of singletons can be considered as the combinatorial logarithm of the species E(X) of finite sets. In a previous work, we introduced the (rational) species b X of pseudo-singletons as the analytical logarithm of the species of finite sets. It follows that E(X) = exp( b X) in the context of rational species, where exp(T ) denotes the classic...

BACKGROUND The relationship between congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and multiple pregnancy has not been fully studied in Japan. METHODS Complete nationwide data of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in Japan from 2005 to 2009 presented by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, which include information on CH and birth defects were used for analyses. Diseases were reclassified acco...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relative risk (RR) of congenital heart disease (CHD) in twins compared with singletons, according to chorionicity. METHODS Twins and singletons with CHD notified to the Northern Congenital Abnormality Survey between 1998 and 2010 were included in this population-based study. Information on chorionicity was obtained from the Northern Survey of Twins and Multiple Pregna...

BACKGROUND A population-based study on prevalence of cerebral palsy in multiple births has not been carried out in China. The purpose of this paper was to determine the prevalence of cerebral palsy in multiple births and to explore the influence of multiple pregnancy on cerebral palsy after controlling for birthweight. METHODS A cross-sectional study of cerebral palsy was carried out among 38...

BACKGROUND Assisted reproduction technology (ART) is used worldwide, at increasing rates, and data show that some adverse outcomes occur more frequently than following spontaneous conception (SC). Possible explanatory factors for the well-known adverse perinatal outcome in ART singletons were evaluated. METHODS PubMed and Cochrane databases from 1982 to 2012 were searched. Studies using donor...

BACKGROUND While intrauterine insemination (IUI), a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive technique, is the most used assisted reproduction technology (ART) worldwide, the risk of major birth defects following IUI is paradoxically not well documented. METHODS Retrospective cohort study performed in Burgundy, France, over a 9-year period which consisted of the cross analysis of two prospective ...