This paper describes a unified approach to fast timing distribution at the LHC. The timing signals for each ring of the machine will be encoded and transmitted over optical links from the RF system to the PCR, where beam-synchronous messages will be added. High power laser transmitters will then broadcast the signals over singlemode optical fibres to the four LHC experiments, to the test beam a...

A novel geometry for enhancing the sensitivity of intensity modulated refractometric fiber optic sensor for detection of adulteration level in diesel by kerosene is proposed. In this multimode plastic optical fiber is uncladded for specific length and bent into S shape. This geometry is simulated and analyzed using Beam Propagation Method in Beam prop RSOFT software. When sensor is immersed in ...

background: headache is one of the most disturbing symptoms with common neurological signs. variations in optic nerve perfusion quality or retinal microcirculation may end up in ganglion cell damage in patients with migraine. methods: sixty patients diagnosed with migraine and thirty normal individuals were evaluated in groups including migraine with aura, migraine without aura and controls. re...

introduction radon is a colorless and tasteless gas which exists in most soils. it is a substance that poses a potential risk for lung cancer in case a person is exposed to high levels over long periods of time. the environmental protection agency (epa) estimates that 90% of lung cancers per year are caused by radon. the aim of this paper is to estimate the absorbed doses of 222rn by mcnpx simu...

using a new numerical model, the pump-to-signal relative intensity noise (rin) transfer in singlepumpfiber optical parametric amplifiers for low modulation frequencies is investigated. the model includesfiber loss, pump depletion, as well as the gain saturation, and therefore, it can describe the practicalcircumstances associated with various applications of fiber optical parametric amplifiers....

We report the realization of a light source specifically designed for the generation of bright continuousvariable entangled beams and for Heisenberg-limited inteferometry. The source is a nondegenerate, singlemode, continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator in Na:KTP, operated at frequency degeneracy and just above threshold, which is also of interest for the study of critical fluctuations a...