PURPOSE With the increased availability of colonoscopy to average risk persons due to insurance coverage benefit changes, we sought to identify changes in the colonoscopy workforce. We used outpatient discharge records from South Carolina between 2001 and 2010 to examine shifts over time and in urban versus rural areas in the types of medical providers who perform colonoscopy, and the practice ...

The exchange rate regime in Iran is practically fixed. The Central Bank of Iran (CBI) has committed itself to trying to bring about a particular exchange rate regime to meet two important targets: 1. Sustaining competitiveness of the economy, 2. Acquiring the share of foreign reserves in monetary base in a predetermined level. Since 2001 the share of foreign reserves in monetary base has i...

The use of truncal nerve blocks has been described since 2001. Since then, there have been many studies trying to understand the ideal clinical scenarios for its use. Since 2001, the transversus abdominis plane block has evolved in many ways including from landmark based technique to ultrasound guided and more recently, into the quadratus lumborum (QL) block. Its anatomical placement, concentra...

A three-dimensional (3D) energy footprint combines a 3D ecological with theory. In this paper, based on theory, we calculated the of Gansu Province from 2001 to 2020, and quantitatively evaluated value province’s ecosystem services. Moreover, also analyzed sustainability its ecosystem. The results show that has been rise since 2001. From only 2015 2016 footprints in were greater than carrying c...

OBJECTIVES The Mental Health Act 2001 (MHA 2001) was implemented in November 2006. Since that time, there has been considerable research into its impact, including the impact on service provision, use of coercive practices and the perceptions by key stakeholders. Our objective is to present a summary of research into the MHA 2001 since its implementation in the Irish state in the context of int...

Money laundering offences have becoming important issues worldwide. Within the accounting fraternity, discussions involved an issue related to low level of compliance by professional accountants towards anti-money regime in Malaysia. In context this study, refers both legislative requirements Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds Unlawful Activities Act 2001 (AMLA 2001) i...

The death of one patient with secondary purulent bronchopneumonia has led the authors to recommend prophylactic treatment with sulfonamides and penicillin. Many and important changes have been introduced in the field of influenza during the past 5 years, and it is therefore unfortunate that the authors were compelled to defer publication for so long a period. Within the scope of slightly more t...

There has been a great deal of interest and activity in percolation theory since the two Saint-Flour courses, [76, 111], of 1984 and 1996 reprinted in this new edition. We present here a summary of progress since the first publications of our lecture notes. The second edition of Percolation, [77], was published in 1999 as a fairly complete, contemporary account of ‘classical’ percolation (but w...

On October 1, 2013 the reporting of diagnoses and procedures in the U.S. will transition from the clinical modification of the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) to the tenth revision (ICD-10). The impact of conversion to ICD-10 on Medicare MS-DRG payments to hospitals was estimated using 2009 Medicare data. A minimal hospital payment increase of 0.05 perc...