Silicon nitride ceramic bearings are widely used for their excellent performance. However, due to special manufacturing method, cracks will occur on ball surface, and this initial surface crack propagate under the action of cyclic stress, which lead material spalling. This greatly limit its service life in practical applications, especially heavy load at high speed. Therefore, it is necessary s...

Silicofluorides (SiFs), fluosilicic acid (FSA) and sodium fluosilicate (NaFSA), are used to fluoridate over 90% of US fluoridated municipal water supplies. Living in communities with silicofluoride treated water (SiFW) is associated with two neurotoxic effects: (1) Prevalence of children with elevated blood lead (PbB>10microg/dL) is about double that in non-fluoridated communities (Risk Ratio 2...

STUDY DESIGN A prospective observational cohort study of consecutive osteoporotic patients with sacral insufficiency fractures (SIFs). OBJECTIVE Assess the safety and efficacy of sacroplasty in treating osteoporotic SIFs. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA SIFs can cause low back pain in osteoporotic patients. Symptomatic improvement may require up to 12 months. Treatment includes limited weight-be...

• Clarification of stress intensity factor superposition under crack closure phenomena. Importance geometry changes by for is demonstrated. Proposal and discussion two alternative residual applied definitions. Discussion face contact modelling calculation in fatigue load cycles. The correlation between (SIF) range growth a powerful tool fail-safe design approaches to lightweight structures. key...

Fatigue cracks commonly occur for in-service engineering structures. The main parameter fatigue crack is the stress intensity factor (SIF). SIF an indicator of growth and remaining life a structure. Nonetheless, problem was raised when determining since could not be presented in physical phenomena. Thus, technique required to predict range SIF. Maximum minimum bounds help estimate life. This pa...

In this work, XFEM is employed to obtain the stress intensity factors (SIFs) of a semi elliptical part through thickness axial crack. In XFEM, additional functions are employed to enrich the displacement approximation using partition of unity approach. Level set functions are approximated using higher order shape functions in the crack front elements to ensure the accurate modeling of the crack...

The aim of this paper is to simulate the propagation linear elastic crack in 3D structures using latest innovation developed Ansys software, which Separating Morphing and Adaptive Remeshing Technology (SMART), order enable automatic remeshing during a simulation fracture behaviors. ANSYS Mechanical APDL 19.2 (Ansys, Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA), used by employing special mechanism ANSYS, smart gr...

It is introduced in the paper the newly developed optimization method the Stochastic Optimization Algorithm with Probability Vector (PSV). It is related to Stochastic Learning Algorithm with Probability Vector for artificial neural networks. Both algorithms are inspired by stochastic iterated function system SIFS for generating the statistically self similar fractals. The PSV is gradient method...

Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium extensively remodels the host late endocytic compartments to establish its vacuolar niche within the host cells conducive for its replication, also known as the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). By maintaining a prolonged interaction with late endosomes and lysosomes of the host cells in the form of interconnected network of tubules (Salmonella-induced...