Until now, there have been various studies concerning bottle-fed and breast-fed children. Prevalence of allergic manifestations like eczema and asthma among bottle-fed children is much higher than healthy controls. In this study, we found that respiratory infection for breast-fed children was 3.1%, whereas in bottle-fed children it was 25.1%for gut disorders, 9.2% in breast-fed vs.13.1 % f...

Our previous studies demonstrated that acute infusion of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) produces an enhanced depressor response in NaCl-sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-S) fed a high (8%) NaCl diet compared with control SHR-S fed a normal (1%) NaCl diet and that dietary NaCl loading increases circulating ANF levels in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats but not in SHR-S. The current study te...

I. The metabolic status of rats after endto-side portacaval anastomosis and the extent to which this differs from sham-operated animals, both fed and pair-fed, was investigated. 2. The body weights of sham-operated pair-fed rats consistently matched the weights of animals with a portacaval anastomosis at different times after the operation, whereas liver weights were significantly reduced in an...

introduction: this study aimed to assess the incidence of breastfeeding-associated hypernatremia and related risk factors among hospitalized hyperbilirubinemic neonates. methods: this prospective study was conducted at nemazee hospital affiliated to shiraz university of medical sciences during one year to determine the association between hypernatremia (serum sodium concentration of >150 meq/l)...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin premix withdrawal from diets containing different energy levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers subjected to heat stress in a completely randomized design with 2×3 factorial arrangement containing, 2 levels of energy (low and high energy) and 3 levels of vitamin premix withdrawal (28, 35 and 42 days). ...

Background: It was proposed that probiotics may influence immune system through direct or indirect exposure. Direct exposure is mostly mediated by surface receptors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are conserved molecular sensors which could be triggered via some pathogen associated structures, hence, modulate the immune responses. This study was conducted to elucidate the impact of lactobacillus ac...

Optimal productivity of S. cerevisiae cultures can be achieved through the regulation of the ethanol concentration at a low value. In this study, a robust control strategy is developed, which requires very little knowledge about the process, i.e. only one yield coefficient and the on-line measurement of the ethanol concentration. A Youla parametrization is selected in order to reject asymptotic...

A process comprising two-step fed-batch cultivation has been investigated for the production of ectoines using the halophilic bacterium Halomonas boliviensis DSM 15516(T). The first cultivation was performed under optimal conditions for cell growth and resulted in cell mass concentration of about 41 g l(-1) after 24 h of cultivation. During the second cultivation at higher salt concentration, a...

The present study was designed for the production and optimization of the C12-C14 sophorolipid, using the yeast Candida bombicola ATCC-22214. The fermentation was carried under fed-batch culture conditions i.e., maintaining 15% coconut oil and 10% glucose as hydrophobic and hydrophilic carbon sources, respectively. A maximum yield 54.0 g/L (in 234 h) was achieved. A significant antimicrobial ac...

In monitoring and controlling wastewater treatment processes, on-line information of nutrient dynamics is very important. However, these variables are determined with a significant time delay. Although the final effluent quality can be analyzed after this delay, it is often too late to make proper adjustments. In this paper, a neural network approach, a software sensor, was proposed to overcome...