Image denoising using wavelet transform has been successful as wavelet transform generates a large number of small coefficients and a small number of large coefficients. Basic denoising algorithm that using the wavelet transform consists of three steps – first computing the wavelet transform of the noisy image, thresholding is performed on the detail coefficients in order to remove noise and fi...

Due to some reasons, observed images are degraded which are mainly caused by noise. Recently image denoising using the wavelet transform has been attracting much attention. Waveletbased approach provides a particularly useful method for image denoising when the preservation of edges in the scene is of importance because the local adaptivity is based explicitly on the values of the wavelet detai...

Iterated Function Systems (IFSs) are among the best-known methods for constructing fractals. The sequence of pictures E0; E1; E2; : : : generated by an IFS fX; f1; f2; : : : ; ftg converges to a unique limit E , which is independent of the choice of starting set E0, but completely determined by the choice of the maps fi. Random context picture grammars (rcpgs) are a method of syntactic picture ...

B ecause genetic events do not fossilize, we are forced to deduce the evolution of bacterial genomes by comparing the features of contemporary organisms. This comparative approach has exposed many of the alterations endured by bacterial genomes (bouts of expansion and contraction or changes in base compositions), but such reconstructions are often imprecise, and sometimes incorrect, because the...

We prove that general merge-and-shrink representations are strictly more powerful than linear ones by showing that there exist problem families that can be represented compactly with general merge-and-shrink representations but not with linear ones. We also give a precise bound that quantifies the necessary blowup incurred by conversions from general merge-and-shrink representations to linear r...