Defining mechanisms of direct-acting antivirals facilitates drug development and our understanding of virus function. Heteroaryldihydropyrimidines (HAPs) inappropriately activate assembly of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein (Cp), suppressing formation of virions. We examined a fluorophore-labeled HAP, HAP-TAMRA. HAP-TAMRA induced Cp assembly and also bound pre-assembled capsids. Kinetic and...

In this paper we present a newmeasure to investigate the functional structure of financial markets, the Sector Dominance Ratio (SDR). We study the information embedded in raw and partial correlations using random matrix theory (RMT) and examine the evolution of economic sectoral makeup on a yearly and monthly basis for four stock markets, those of the US, UK, Germany and Japan, during the perio...

Crossing-over between homologous chromosomes facilitates their accurate segregation at the first division of meiosis. Current models for crossing-over invoke an intermediate in which homologs are connected by two crossed-strand structures called Holliday junctions. Such double Holliday junctions are a prominent intermediate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae meiosis, where they form preferentially bet...

Mussels are commonly used in cooking around the world. The mussel shell breaks more easily than other shells, and the edge of the broken mussel shell is sharp. Impaction can ultimately cause erosion, perforation and fistula. Aside from these complications, the pain can be very intense. Therefore, it is essential to verify and remove the shell as soon as possible. In this report we describe the ...

In iron-based superconductors the interactions driving the nematic order (that breaks four-fold rotational symmetry in the iron plane) may also mediate the Cooper pairing. The experimental determination of these interactions, which are believed to depend on the orbital or the spin degrees of freedom, is challenging because nematic order occurs at, or slightly above, the ordering temperature of ...

We calculate the electronic band structure of ABA-stacked trilayer graphene in the presence of external gates, using a self-consistent Hartree approximation to take account of screening. In the absence of a gate potential, there are separate pairs of linear and parabolic bands at low energy. A gate field perpendicular to the layers breaks mirror reflection symmetry with respect to the central l...

Two dimensional simulations of collisionless magnetic reconnection produce strong gradients in the current and plasma profiles near the magnetic X-line and along the separatrix during the nonlinear phase. Here we present 3D two-fluid MHD simulations of reconnection that show these sharp gradients break up due to the onset of secondary instabilities, leading to a strongly turbulent configuration...

Harm­reduction programs, first developed in an attempt to mitigate the adverse consequences of illicit drug use, can be applied to alcohol­prevention programs as well. In fact, the movement toward harm reduction in illicit drug prevention may be closely paralleled by a similar trend in the alcohol­prevention field. Harm­reduction approaches to alcohol aim to diminish the negative consequences o...

Fourier decompositions are performed for the V magnitude variations of a sample of 57 Cepheids ranging in period from 2 to 17 days. The coefficients have been tabulated to allow rapid reconstruction of the light curves. It is shown that combinations of the low-order coefficients quantitatively describe the progression of curve shape with period. The pulsation amplitude plays only a minor role. ...

Abstract. For any odd squarefree integer r, we get complete description of the Gr = Gal(Q(μr)/Q) group cohomology of the universal ordinary distribution Ur in this paper. Moreover, if M is a fixed integer which divides l−1 for all prime factors l of r, we study the cohomology group H(Gr, Ur/MUr). In particular, we explain the mysterious construction of the elements κr′ for r |r in Rubin[10], wh...