shaykh shams al-din mohammad ben makki ameli known as the first martyr is an outstanding faqih from jabal amel in the ayyubids period. trying to spread shiism in an anti-shiite environment and to have relationships with the sarbedaran of khorasan in iran, he was imprisoned and finally martyred. relying on the relationship between religion and reason and the status of reason in religious precept...

Background/Aims: Endometrial thickening is a nonspecific finding in women with premenopausal bleeding. Though it is expected in the luteal phase of ovulatory cycle or with anovulatory bleeding, it can be due to hyperplasia, polyps, leiomyomas, or endometrial carcinoma. Three-dimensional ultrasonography is an imaging technique that allows unique ways of assessing uterine and adnexeal pathology. ...

Aim of this study was to determine whether Vesalius and Valverde influenced Shams al-Dīn ʿItāqī considering the figures several statements in Tashrīḥ al-Abdān wa Tarjamān Qibāla Faylasūfān. The illustrated copies ʿItāqī’s book were examined compared those Galen’s, Avicenna’s, Vesalius’s, Valverde’s works, then findings evaluated. contains some only from and/or but there is no new explanation re...

A single flash of light accompanied by a series of beeps gives the impression of flickering (Shams, Kamitani, & Shimojo, 2000). Thus, an unambiguous visual stimulus appears different when paired with an auditory stimulus. Similarly, with a flashing pattern, we find that beeps can increase or decrease perceived number of flashes. Furthermore, the perceived number or flashes can either improve or...

BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation and coagulopathy are major drivers of injury progression following hemorrhagic trauma. Our aim was to examine the effect of small-volume 3% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine and Mg2+ (ALM) bolus and 0.9% NaCl/ALM 'drip' on inflammation and coagulation in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats (429±4 g) were randomly assigned to: 1) shams, 2) no-...

a Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt b Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, 11431, Egypt c Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October, 12566, Egypt d Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Departmen...

In this paper we introduce the SpeakCorrect system which is a Computer Aided Pronunciation Training (CAPT) system for native Arabic students of English. The system is designed with optimized performance for the target users group. It is L1 dependent system and only the frequent pronunciation errors of native Arabic speakers are examined. Several adaptation techniques such as Speaker Adaptive Tr...

BACKGROUND The in vivo mechanism by which inhibition of NO synthase impairs ischemia-induced coronary vascular growth is unknown. We hypothesized that production of the growth inhibitor angiostatin increases during decreased NO production, blunting angiogenesis and collateral growth. METHODS AND RESULTS Measurements were made in myocardial tissue or interstitial fluid (MIF) from dogs undergoi...

Rats receiving intragastric infusions of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 ml of normal saline while their pylori are reversibly occluded suppress meal size to the smallest infusion and display a dose-dependent reduction across volumes [Phillips, R. J., and T. L. Powley. Am. J. Physiol. 271 ( Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol.40): R766-R779, 1996]. To evaluate the contributions of the vagus to this det...