Experimental studies have demonstrated that for many marine invertebrate species, variability in larval condition or quality at settlement may have important effects on post-settlement, early juvenile performance. Relatively few studies, however, explicitly examine natural variability in larval condition at settlement. This study examines natural variability in larval attributes (size and lipid...

Larval behaviors prior to settlement are important for both dispersal and the likelihood that larvae will encounter settlement habitat. The role of endogenous factors such as larval age and size are likely to be important in determining pre-settlement behavior but are less well understood than exogenous factors. In a simple experiment we explored the role of larval age and size on pre-settlemen...

Both ecological and social factors play an important role in determining the structure of animal settlement patterns. While the ecological factors determining animal settlement are generally well known, the relative importance of social factors in mediating fine-scale settlement choices is poorly understood. As a result, we have little knowledge of why individuals choose to settle near specific...

Settlement size predicts extreme variation in the rates and magnitudes of many social and ecological processes in human societies. Yet, the factors that drive human settlement-size variation remain poorly understood. Size variation among economically integrated settlements tends to be heavy tailed such that the smallest settlements are extremely common and the largest settlements extremely larg...

BACKGROUND The presence of the Unified Family Court, with procedures emphasizing judicial case management and settlement in custody disputes, provided an opportunity to combine these practices with those of a university hospital-based family court clinic experienced in the provision of custody assessments. Specifically, a process integrating the clinical custody assessment with the work of coun...

While the variation in childbearing patterns across countries and between socio-economic groups within a country has been studied in detail, less is known about the differences in fertility patterns across settlements within a country. Using aggregate and individual-level register data, we examine fertility variation across settlements in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. We observe a signi...

The problem of estimating the settlement of shallow foundations on granular soils is very complex and not yet entirely understood. The geotechnical literature has included many formulae that are based on several theoretical or experimental methods to obtain an accurate, or near-accurate, prediction of such settlement. However, these methods fail to achieve consistent success in relation to accu...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of collector materials and position on Pinctada margaritifera spat attachment. Settlement on polyethylene pipes (54.6%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than on plastic baskets (25%). Significantly higher (P < 0.05) spat catch was recorded from the collectors which were installed on lower height of settlement tank than upper. The number o...

The increasing needs for environmental friendly antifouling coatings have led to investigation of new alternatives for replacing copper and TBT-based paints. In this study, results are presented from larval settlement assays of the barnacle Amphibalanus (= Balanus) amphitrite on planar, interdigitated electrodes (IDE), having 8 or 25 mum of inter-electrode spacing, upon the application of pulse...

Distinguishing the relative contributions of various processes to variation in recruitment success is central to our understanding of patterns and rates of population replenishment in marine organisms. We monitored settlement and recruitment of a common Caribbean damselfish, the blue chromis Chromis cyanea, to ascertain the extent to which variation in recruitment reflected settlement dynamics....