Nonlinear microscopy has become an important tool for imaging biological samples such as neurons. In two photon fluorescence, a fluorophore absorbs two photons at a low energy state, one of its electrons briefly converts to a higher energy state, and it emits a single excited photon at an energy level higher than that of the absorbed photons. In second harmonic generation (SHG), laser light is ...

The growth rate of fingers of a Newtonian fluid can be modeled by a power law dependence on time. In this experiment, we examine whether the model can be adapted to describe a fluid with changing viscosity. We provide two possible interpretations. For PVA and a PVA/glycerol solution, we show that by assuming a constant exponent, the changing behavior of the fluid can be captured by a coefficien...

This paper investigates the relationship between electricity demand and temperature in the European Union. We address this issue by means of a panel threshold regression model on 15 European countries over the last two decades. Our results confirm the non linearity of the link between electricity consumption and temperature found in more limited geographical areas in previous studies. By distin...

This paper examines the threshold effects of environmental regulation on China’s total factor energy efficiency (TFEE), by selecting the technological innovation (as measured by patents) as threshold variable. Using the SBM (Slacksbased Measure)-undesirable model, we first estimate TFEE of China's 30 provinces from 2000 to 2011 under the constraints of energy conservation and emission reduction...