Rangelands are the main source of forage production whose degradation is being accelerated due to improper utilities. Furthermore, re-vegetation of palatable plants like Vicia variabilis is more limited in overgrazed rangelands. The objective of this study was to improve degraded rangelands in Meleh-Kabud (Kermanshah, Iran) through planting Vicia variabilis. The research was conducted at experi...

In Genetic Algorithm (GA), the fitness or quality of individual solutions in the initial population plays a significant part in determining the final optimal solution. The traditional GA with random population seeding technique is simple and proficient however the generated population may contain poor fitness individuals, which take long time to converge to the optimal solution. On the other ha...

Seed availability and leaf litter limit plant establishment in some ecosystems. To evaluate the hypothesis that these factors limit understory plant recruitment in Pinus ponderosa forests, I conducted a seeding and litter removal experiment at six thinned sites in the Fort Valley Experimental Forest, northern Arizona. Experimental seeding of four native species (Penstemon virgatus, Erigeron for...

Seeding heuristics are the most widely used strategies to speed up sequence alignment in bioinformatics. Such strategies are most successful if they are calibrated, so that the speed-versus-accuracy trade-off can be properly tuned. In the widely used case of read mapping, it has been so far impossible to predict the success rate of competing seeding strategies for lack of a theoretical framewor...

The placement or seeding of stream surfaces in 3D flow fields faces a number of challenges. These challenges include perception, occlusion, and the appropriate representation of flow characteristics. A variety of streamline seeding approaches exist, little corresponding work is presented for stream surfaces. We present a novel automatic stream surface seeding and filtering algorithm. Our approa...

F nowadays are increasingly proactive in trying to strategically capitalize on consumer networks and social interactions. In this paper, we complement an emerging body of research on the engineering of wordof-mouth effects by exploring a different angle through which firms can strategically exploit the value-generation potential of the user network. Namely, we consider how software firms should...

Different transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)-associated forms of prion protein (e.g. PrP(Sc)) can vary markedly in ultrastructure and biochemical characteristics, but each is propagated in the host. PrP(Sc) propagation involves conversion from its normal isoform, PrP(C), by a seeded or templated polymerization mechanism. Such a mechanism is also the basis of the RT-QuIC and eQuIC pri...

Experiments have been successfully performed culminating in functional, vascularized, three-dimensional cardiac muscle tissue. Past experience in tissue engineering has led us to the understanding that cell seeding density plays a critical role in the formation and function of both in vitro and in vivo engineered tissues. Therefore, to improve upon the mechanics of this model and to facilitate ...