[1] The Princeton Ocean Model is used to study the circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) and its seasonal transition. Kuroshio enters (leaves) the SCS through the southern (northern) portion of the Luzon Strait. The annually averaged net volume flux through the Luzon Strait is 2 Sv into the SCS with seasonal reversals. The inflow season is from May to January with the maximum intrusion of Ku...

freshwater lens on small islands may easily be overexploited or polluted due to overdrafts of fresh water by pumping which causes drawdown of the water table a rise or up-coning of the saltwater interface. present study is concerned with using a three-dimensional finite-difference numerical model to simulate the groundwater flow and transport model to predict the behavior of groundwater system ...

Antarctica’s contribution to global sea-level rise has recently been increasing1. Whether its ice discharge will become unstable and decouple from anthropogenic forcing2–4 or increase linearly with the warming of the surrounding ocean is of fundamental importance5. Under unabated greenhouse-gas emissions, ocean models indicate an abrupt intrusion of warm circumpolar deepwater into the cavity be...

The fulfillment of clean water needs in Sengkubang Village is done by utilizing groundwater, which some locations still has a brackish to salty. This situation one indication seawater intrusion into groundwater because coastal area. study aims estimate the distribution based on subsurface resistivity value. method used with dipole-dipole configuration. Measurements field apply six lines length ...

Intrusion of contaminants into water distribution networks requires the simultaneous presence of three elements; contamination source, pathway and driving force. The existence of each of these elements provides ‘partial’ evidence (typically incomplete and non-specific) to the occurrence of contaminant intrusion into distribution networks. Evidential reasoning, also called Dempster-Shafer (DS) t...

We use 2000–2012 InSAR data frommultiple satellites to investigate magma storage in Kīlauea’s east rift zone (ERZ). The study period includes a surge in magma supply rate and intrusion-eruptions in 2007 and 2011. The Kupaianaha area inflated by ~5 cm prior to the 2007 intrusion and the Nāpau Crater area by ~10 cm following the 2011 intrusion. For the Nāpau Crater area, elastic modeling suggests...