As infection-related issues have become one of the most important concerns in endoscopy centers, proper reprocessing of endoscopes has attracted great interest. Compliance with established guidelines for reprocessing is critical to prevent pathogen transmission. However, hospital compliance with guidelines has not been satisfactory. To increase compliance, efforts have focused on developing new...

Quantifying waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) not arising in documented formal WEEE collection is a major challenge. This paper presents method to characterize estimate quantities of scrap metal. Two European Catalogue List Waste, codes 17 04 05, construction demolition wastes—iron steel 20 01 40, metals separated out from municipal, household, commercial, industrial waste, were ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Worldwide some endoscopy units routinely continue to use manual reprocessing techniques for disinfection of side-view endoscopes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome quality of manual reprocessing techniques for removal and inactivation of the bioburden from side-view endoscopes used for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in a tertiary r...

Session 1948-49 I.T is customary on the occasion of his inauguration for your President to give you an address, and a wide variety of subjects has been chosen in previous years. Sometimes the speaker discussed some facets of his professional work, and at other times the address reflected his interest in matters not strictly medical, as in last year's memorable dissertation. It was chance which ...

The success of the electronics industry over the last decade in developing the mass consumer market for computers, cellphones and other personal electronic equipment has been phenomenal. Society must now finds ways of safely and economically recovering the materials that are embedded in these products. This will require significant investment by governments, industry and individuals, in technol...

In an article about the importance of choice materilas, harmful impurities in synthetic cast iron, amd improving strength characteristics which requires a new method smelting iron using steel scrap as charge corrresponding crucible furnaces, presences metal charge, together with pig return own production, carburetors, and ferroalloys for purpose carburizing alloying to required chemical composi...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) implies an elaborate preparation protocol that includes: fixation in glutaraldehyde followed by osmium tetraoxide postfixation, specimen dehydration, infiltration, resin embedding, ultrathin sectioning and staining with heavy metal salts. The aim of TEM is to examine the ultrastructure of specimens in ways that cannot be examined using other equipments or ...

New copper plating bath chemisties are being developed to meet the emerging need of plating copper into submicron features on semiconductor wafers. These chemistries are designed to provide a fast, efficient, fill for even the most challenging wafer terrain. It has been found that maintaining the concentration of the additives in these plating baths at certain levels is critical to the performa...

According to conventional wisdom, rapidly growing stocks of scrap tires on the U.S.–Mexico border pose a variety of health and environmental risks. This article assesses these risks in Paso del Norte, the border’s second-largest metropolis comprised principally of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, and El Paso, Texas. We find that air pollution from tire pile fires poses the greatest threat. Scrap tires...