General-purpose ontologies (e.g. WordNet) are convenient, but they are not always scientifically valid. We draw on techniques from semantic class learning to improve the scientific validity of WordNet’s physics forces hyponym (IS-A) hierarchy for use in an intelligent tutoring system. We demonstrate the promise of a web-based approach which gathers web statistics used to relabel the forces as s...

Background With the reauthorization of the United States Elementary and Secondary Education Act (referred to in 2001 as No Child Left Behind–NCLB), attention focused on the need for evidenced-based education research, particularly education policies and interventions that rest on what NCLB referred to as “scientifically based research.” In practice, this focus on scientifically based education ...

In [3] a new framework for formalizing mathematics was developed. The main new features of this framework are that it is based on the usual first-order set theoretical foundations of mathematics (in particular, it is type-free), but it reflects real mathematical practice in making an extensive use of statically defined abstract set terms of the form {x |φ}, in the same way they are used in ordi...