This article describes the pertinence of context in HIV/AIDS implementation research. Without attending to context and how it interacts with interventions, national protocols for HIV/AIDS interventions are likely to fail or underperform. With its focus on what works, for whom, under what contextual circumstances, and whether interventions are scalable, implementation research yields context-sen...

BACKGROUND Decisions to scale up population health interventions from small projects to wider state or national implementation is fundamental to maximising population-wide health improvements. The objectives of this study were to examine: i) how decisions to scale up interventions are currently made in practice; ii) the role that evidence plays in informing decisions to scale up interventions; ...

Self-Help Manuals 100 Efficacy 100 Relevant Process Measures 101 Summary 102 Minimal Clinical Interventions 102 Efficacy 104 Relevant Process Measures 105 Summary 105 Intensive Clinical Interventions 105 Problem Solving/Skills Training 106 Rapid Smoking 107 Other Aversive-Smoking Strategies 108 Cue Exposure 108 Nicotine Fading 109 Motivational Rewards 110 Social Support 110 Weight Control 111 H...

India's national nutrition and health programmes are largely designed to provide evidence-based nutrition-specific interventions, but intervention coverage is low due to a combination of implementation challenges, capacity and financing gaps. Global cost estimates for nutrition are available but national and subnational costs are not. We estimated national and subnational costs of delivering re...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the feasibility of regular pain assessment using an observational scale in nursing home residents with dementia and; determine interventions applied after diagnosing possible pain. BACKGROUND Pain occurs regularly among nursing home residents with dementia and is frequently undertreated. Over the last decade a variety of observational scales have been develo...

[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mirror therapy combined with a conventional rehabilitation program on upper extremity motor and functional recovery in stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty-one hemiplegic patients were included. The patients were randomly assigned to a mirror (n=16) or conventional group (n=15). The patients in both groups underwent conventio...

BACKGROUND Pressures on informal caregivers are likely to increase due to increasing life expectancy and health care costs, which stresses the importance of prevention of subjective burden. The present study examined the correlates of overall subjective burden and multiple burden dimensions among spousal and adult-child caregivers of Dutch older adults, both cross-sectional and longitudinal (12...

INTRODUCTION Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) services may reduce the risk of HIV transmission if patients completely adhere to the treatment. Identifying adherence patterns and potential related factors is vital for the sustainability of MMT program in Vietnam. This study examined social and structural factors associated with adherence to MMT among patients in different service delivery m...

OBJECTIVES To examine the relationships between changes from baseline to post-Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health (REACH) intervention in caregiver (CG) self-reported health, burden, and bother. DESIGN Randomized, multisite clinical trial. SETTING CG and care recipient (CR) homes in five U.S. cities. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred ninety-five dementia CG and CR dyads (169 Hisp...

introduction:childhood obesity is a major public health crisis nationally and internationally. the prevalence of  childhood obesity has increased over few years. it is caused by imbalance between calorie intake and calories utilized. one or more factors (genetic, behavioral, and environmental) cause obesity in children. physical, psychological, and social health problems are caused due to child...