The phrase-based and N-gram-based SMT frameworks complement each other. While the former is better able to memorize, the latter provides a more principled model that captures dependencies across phrasal boundaries. Some work has been done to combine insights from these two frameworks. A recent successful attempt showed the advantage of using phrasebased search on top of an N-gram-based model. W...

A simple method of fabricating pristine few-layer and single-layer graphene which could be used for production on a gram scale is described.

A new generation of interferometric gravitational wave detectors, currently under construction, will closely approach the fundamental quantum limits of measurement, serving as a prominent example of quantum mechanics at the macroscale. Simultaneously, numerous experiments involving micro-mechanical oscillators are beginning to explore the quantum regime, with the help of optical cooling techniq...

This review covers the synthesis of damascones and damascenones from their early discovery to nowadays starting ionones, cyclic or linear materials. Gram-scale syntheses are highlighted.

The channel-forming properties of two analogs of gramicidin, gramicidin-ethylenediamine (gram-EDA), and gramicidin-N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (gram-DMEDA) were studied in planar lipid bilayers, using protons as the permeant ion. These peptides have positively charged amino groups tethered to their C-terminal ends via a linker containing a carbamate group. Gram-DMEDA has two extra methyl groups...

Background: Post-neurosurgical meningitis is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. In this study we aimed to compare the differences of clinical, laboratory features and outcomes between the post-neurosurgical meningitis caused by gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and gram-positive cocci (GPC). Methods: Cases of post-neurosurgical meningitis (with positive CSF culture) were included. After...

Web provides a large-scale corpus for researchers to study the language usages in real world. Developing a web-scale corpus needs not only a lot of computation resources, but also great efforts to handle the large variations in the web texts, such as character encoding in processing Chinese web texts. In this paper, we aim to develop a web-scale Chinese word N-gram corpus with parts of speech i...

The aim of this study was to determine the toxicity cefixime in inlet solution and effluent treated with sono-electro-Fenton process using standard strains microorganisms. This research performed as an experimental study, which conducted on a laboratory scale. Escherichia coli (gram-negative) Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) were used for bioassay. First, stock 1000 mg/L containing Cefixim...