Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum, are widely known applications of blockchain technology, have drawn much attention largely recognized in recent years. Initially Ethereum processed 7 15 Transactions Per Second (TPS) respectively, whereas VISA Paypal process 1700 193 TPS respectively. The biggest challenge to adoption is scalability, defined as the capacity change block size handle gro...

Automated vehicles will alter traffic fundamentally. While users can engage in non-driving-related tasks such as reading or even sleeping, the possibility to interact with other road pedestrians via, for example, eye contact vanishes. Therefore, external communication of automated is currently researched various concepts spanning dimensions anthropomorphism, technology, viewpoint, locus, messag...

In this supplement, we analyze the system-level bottlenecks of Shotgun’s scalability on multicore. Currently, we are able to get maximum of about 3− 4× speedup on 8 cores. To analyze multicore performance, we run a series of tests which try to isolate effects of various factors. Our analysis indicates that Shotgun is held back by memory access, but we give suggestions for future improvements to...

Federated learning enables machine algorithms to be trained over decentralized edge devices without requiring the exchange of local datasets. Successfully deploying federated requires ensuring that agents (e.g., mobile devices) faithfully execute intended algorithm, which has been largely overlooked in literature. In this study, we first use risk bounds analyze how key feature learning, unbalan...