CryoSat-2 (CS2) is the first mission equipped with a pulse-limited radar altimeter capable of operating in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometric (SARIn) mode. Over ice sheets and caps, CS2 SARIn data have been used to retrieve surface elevations over an across-track ground “swath.” This work demonstrates that retracking multiple coherent peaks waveforms, combination interferometric pha...

Wild-type phosphotriesterase (PTE) preferentially hydrolyzes the R(P) enantiomers of the nerve agents sarin (GB) and cyclosarin (GF) and their chromophoric analogues. The active site of PTE can be subdivided into three binding pockets that have been denoted as the small, large, and leaving group pockets based on high-resolution crystal structures. The sizes and shapes of these pockets dictate t...

The five-coordinate compound, Salen((t)Bu)Al(Ac), prepared in situ from Salen((t)Bu)AlBr and NH4Ac, forms Lewis acid-base adducts in aqueous solution with the G-type nerve agents, Sarin and Soman, and the VX hydrolysis product, ethylmethylphosphonate (EMPA). The resulting compounds, [Salen((t)Bu)Al(NA)](+)[Ac] (-) (with NA = Sarin, Soman, and EMPA) are sufficiently stable to be identified by ES...

Organophosphate nerve agents inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is involved in nerve signal transduction, by forming covalent adducts with its catalytic serine residue. AChE adducts with soman and sarin nerve agents undergo dealkylation, a process known as aging, within a few minutes and a few hours, respectively. This transformation is detrimental because it precludes reacti...

By the end of the Second World War the advancing allied forces discovered a new nerve gas in Germany. It was called Tabun. Codenamed GA, it was found to be extremely toxic. British experts were immediately dispatched to examine the agent. On arrival, they discovered that German scientists had also developed even more toxic nerve agents, including Sarin, known as GB.1 The first organized testing...

If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html Citation for published version Sarin, Navin and Engel, Florian and Kalayda, Ganna V and Frötschl, Roland and Cinatl, Jindrich and Rothweiler, Florian and Michaelis, Martin and Fröhlich, Holger and Jaehde, Ulrich (2016) Knowledge-ba...