BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to analyze gallbladder stones for direct evidence of a relationship between Clonorchis sinensis infection and gallbladder stones formation. METHODOLOGY We investigated one hundred eighty-three gallbladder stones for the presence of Clonorchis sinensis eggs using microscopy, and analyzed their composition using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy....

background retrograde intra-renal surgery (rirs) has been used to remove stones of less than 2 cm in the kidney. however, its role is not well defined. objectives the objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and safety of rirs, used either as a primary or secondary procedure, and to analyze factors predicting the stonefree rate (sfr). patients and methods a retrospective analysis wa...

     Salt crystallization is one of the most powerful weathering agents that may cause a rapid change in the mechanical properties of stones, and thus limit their durability. Consequently, determining the mechanical properties of stones due to salt crystallization is important for natural building stones used in marine environmental and mild climatic conditions, which expose excessive salt crys...

BACKGROUND/AIM Primary therapeutic approach to lumbar ureteral stones is still contraversial. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of stone impaction and size on the effectiveness of proximal ureteral stone lithotripsy. METHODS A total of 123 patients with proximal ureteral stones were investigated in this prospective study performed in a 10-month period. The patients were di...

30 cases of obstructing proximal ureteral stones at the level of L3-L5 which could not be pushed back into the pelvis and passed by a guide wire under epidural anesthesia, were removed percutaneously with the rigid ureteroscope. Multiple stones in one ureter, bilateral ureteral stones and a ureteral stone of a solitary kidney were removed successfully in one session showing the reliability...

introduction & objective: after urinary tract infection and prostatic disorders , the urine stones are the third common genitourinary diseases. demographic, environmental and genetic factors affect urine stone formation. the aim of our study is to survey epidemiologic factors in patients with urinary stones referring to educational hospitals of hamadan during 2010-2013.      materials & methods...

PURPOSE This retrospective study evaluated the unenhanced multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) findings of urinary system calculi and the secondary signs associated with ureteral stones in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 87 children (54 boys, 32 girls) with a mean age of 89 months (range: 5 months to 16 years) who were referred to us from various departments and were e...

urinary stones are prevalent and corynebacterium urealyticum, a urease-positive bacteria, is a frequent urinary tract pathogen. however, the association of this organism with urinary stones is not sufficiently studied in iran. this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of c. urealyticum in patients with urinary stones referred to the urology sections of tehran university of medical ...

Background & Aims: Calcifying nanoparticles are different forms of calcium and phosphate in sediments. Recent evidence suggests that calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs) are probably selfreplicating. Several diseases are linked to nano-bacteria including kidney stones, gallbladder stone, cardiovascular plaques, oral–dental plaque, many cancers, and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to a...