Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is a process in which attached growth is utilized for wastewater treatment. This process does not require sludge recycling or backwash. Activated sludge processes can be promoted to an MBBR by adding media to an aeration tank. Rapid sand filter is a physical method for the removal of total suspended solids (TSS) in advanced wastewater treatment. The purpose of ...

BACKGROUND Appropriate methodology for storage biological materials, extraction of DNA, and proper DNA preservation is vital for studies involving genetic analysis of insects, bacteria, and reservoir hosts as well as for molecular diagnostics of pathogens carried by vectors and reservoirs. Here we tried to evaluate the utility of a simple filter paper-based for storage of insects, bacteria, rod...

Landfill leachates are repeatedly found contaminated with organic pollutants, such as alkylphenols (APs), phthalates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at levels exceeding water quality standards. It has been shown that these pollutants may be present in the colloidal and truly dissolved phase in contaminated water, making particle separation an inefficient removal method. The aim of t...

Sand ripples present a difficult challenge to current mine hunting approaches. We propose a robust and adaptive method that suppresses sand ripples prior to the detection stage. The method exploits a fractal model of the seabed and the connection between: dual-tree wavelets and local, directional fractal dimension; interscale energy ratios, scale invariant frequency localised fractal dimension,...

In this research, the effect of friction between the liquid metal and the sand mould wall and the effect of passage of liquid through a vertical bend and through a ceramic filter on the fluid flow and the melt velocity has been studied by measuring the velocity of the melt and direct observation of the liquid flow through the different parts of a naturally-pressurized running system. The fricti...

• For the first time, a biomass approach was used to investigate backwashed SSF. Biomass accumulated differently in scraped and slow sand filters. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated variation of bacterial community between better preserved different trophic levels after backwash. The filtrate good quality BFS ScSF despite their differences. assessed as new for evaluating filters (BSF). Slow filtrati...

In this study, the simulation results of four vertical flow wetland systems using the HYDRUS Wetland Module are presented. The four wetland systems comprise three single-stage pilot scale systems and one full-scale two-stage system. The main difference between these systems is the filter media used, referred to as fine media, i.e., sand with a grain size distribution 0.063–4 mm, or coarse media...

Microplastics (MP) can pose a serious threat to the environment and human health because of their tiny size ability spread easily in water. One alternative treatments remove MP from water is rapid sand filter (RSF). The objective this study was analyze effects media loading rate on RSF performance removing MP. applied silica with effective sizes (ES) 0.39 0.68 mm. rates filtration were 4; 6; 8 ...

An analytical procedure was proposed for the determination of 226 Ra at ultratrace levels in sand filters using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Radium was preconcentrated using an impregnated manganese dioxide filter and separated from strontium using Eichrom“Sr-resin.” Following the extraction chromatography, polyatomic ions of Pb and W were eliminated by op...

the purpose of this work was to test the efficiency of the treatment of wastewater by infiltrationunder laboratory conditions, to remove bacterial and organic load and to convert it to available nutrient for crop plants. in order to achieve this objective, polyvinyl chloride (pvc) columns of 133 cm of height were used. the columns were filled with sand and/or pozzolana and loaded with municipal...