One of the most important artificial immune algorithms is negative selection algorithm, which is an anomaly detection and pattern recognition technique; however, recent research has shown the successful application of this algorithm in data classification. Most of the negative selection methods consider deterministic boundaries to distinguish between self and non-self-spaces. In this paper, two...

 In this paper, we propose a new gene selection algorithm based on Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm that is called SFLA-FS. The proposed algorithm is used for improving cancer classification accuracy. Most of the biological datasets such as cancer datasets have a large number of genes and few samples. However, most of these genes are not usable in some tasks for example in cancer classification....

Dynamic Ensemble Selection (DES) techniques aim to select only the most competent classifiers for the classification of each test sample. The key issue in DES is how to estimate the competence of classifiers for the classification of each new test sample. Most DES techniques estimate the competence of classifiers using a given criterion over the set of nearest neighbors of the test sample in th...

We study how search frictions in the labor market affect firms’ ability to recruit talented workers. In a field experiment Ethiopia, we show that an employer can attract more applicants by offering small monetary incentive for making job application. Estimates from structural model suggest intervention is effective because cost of application large, and positively correlated with jobseeker abil...

dual job holding is widespread in iran’s labor market, 18% of work force are holding second job in 1993, which increased to 19% in 2003. using a rich three years panel data-set of socioeconomic characteristics of iranian households, the article aims to examine the determinants of dual job holding across the individuals who have participated in the labor market. since the issue of dual job holdi...

While compensation accounts for roughly 90% of K-12 instructional costs, there is little evidence of rational design in these systems. This chapter reviews the nature of teacher compensation systems in developed economies and research on their performance effects. Since these compensation schemes typically arise out of collective negotiations, this chapter also surveys the smaller literature on...

Earnings are riskier and more unequal for households born in the 1960s 1980s than those 1940s. Despite improvements financial conditions, younger generations less likely to be living their own homes older at same age. By using a life-cycle model with housing portfolio choice that includes flexible earnings risk aggregate asset price risk, I show changes dynamics account large part of reduction ...

K nearest neighbor algorithm is one of the most frequently used techniques in data mining for its integrity and performance. Though the KNN algorithm is highly effective in many cases, it has some essential deficiencies, which affects the classification accuracy of the algorithm. First, the effectiveness of the algorithm is affected by redundant and irrelevant features. Furthermore, this algori...