Flocculation is one of the principal steps in biodiesel production from microalgae. Eight different flocculants were analysed for their efficiency of flocculation of marine microalga, Nannochloropsis oculata. Maximum flocculation was observed as 93.80 and 87.33% with FeCl3 and Fe2(SO4)3 at a concentration of 0.4 and 0.6g/L respectively at 180min. Zinc salts achieved second maximum efficient flo...

Preliminary studies have been conducted on various parameters in order to assess the possible and relative toxicities of a number of metallic salts. Upon oral administration in lethal-dose experiments, two soluble Pt4+ salts were more toxic than the other salts tested. Following intraperiotneal injection in lethal-dose experiments, PbCl2 was less toxic than several of the soluble or partially s...

A unique and facile method was developed to synthesize a new class of energetic salts based on 2-amino-1,1,5,5-tetranitro-4-oxo-3-aza-pentene. All the salts were fully characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Furthermore, the crystal structure of the guanidinium salt (5) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The differential scanning calorimetry (...

Two efficient processes for the synthesis of 12 relatively water-soluble binary triazolium and the first tetrazolium borane [B12H12] and carborane [CB11H12] salts by a one-step, open-air metathesis reaction have been developed. First, a combination of exhaustive trituration of the two solid reactant salts with refluxing anhydrous acetonitrile followed by flash filtration through a plug of silic...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between chemical reactivity of 3-substituted pyridinium salts and their cytotoxic properties against murine leukemia L1210. Chemical reactivity of pyridinium salts towards NADH oxidation following one-step hydride transfer depends strongly on their redox properties. The investigated reaction may reflect the ability of the salts to depl...

Physico-chemical characterization of a series of salts prepared from primary amines was performed in order to obtain the salts as protonic ionic liquids (PILs). It was shown that the majority of these salts are thermally stable up to 400 °C, while the melting point of each salt depends on the nature of the anion and amine substitutions. The results of cyclic voltammetry experiments showed that ...

We have examined and compared the effects of monovalent and divalent cation salts on dihydrostreptomycin (DSM) action against Mycobacterium smegmatis. The Sauton synthetic liquid medium used was supplemented with test salts on the basis of ionic strength (mu). Turbidimetric growth experiments showed that 0.02 M MgSO(4) (mu = 0.08) prevented growth inhibition by 0.1 mug of dihydrostreptomycin pe...

G em inal Bisonium Salts, SN-R eaction, Synthesis, Regioselectivity, X -Ray D ata Sulfonium salts [R2S-CH2-OTf]+ O T fla,b are synthetically versatile 1,1-biselectrophiles featuring the sulfonioand triflato-substituents as leaving groups of differential nucleofugic power. R eactions with a num ber of neutral nucleophiles INu yield a series of novel sulfoniom ethylated onium salts [R2S-CH 2-Nu]2...

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode was explored with the objective of discriminating sea salts according to their quality type (traditional salt vs "flower of salt") and geographical origin (Atlantic vs Mediterranean). Sea salts were also analyzed in terms of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), K(+), alkalinity, and sulfate concentrations to support spectroscopic results. High concentrati...

A few classes of ionic liquids were synthesized and investigated for their physical properties as a function of structural variation. Bis(oxalato)borate (BOB) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NTf2) ionic liquids (ILs) containing pyridinium, 4dimethylaminopyridinium (DMAP) and pyrrolidinium cations bearing alkyl, benzyl, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxy substituents, were prepared from the correspo...