A year-round observation of the free amino acids (FAA) and combined (CAA) in coarse fine aerosols were conducted at an urban site Japan. The averaged concentrations total FAA CAA measured this study 149.9 237.6 pmolN m?3, respectively, aerosols, 177.9 562.2 aerosols. higher than those both mode ranges. mainly partitioned into fine-mode range, whereas contained ranges with a similar concentratio...

BACKGROUND Rice is sensitive to salt stress, especially at the seedling stage, with rice varieties differing remarkably in salt tolerance (ST). To understand the physiological mechanisms of ST, we investigated salt stress responses at the metabolite level. METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to profile metabolite changes in the salt-tolerant line FL478 and the sensitive vari...

Background and Objectives: In this study, the proteolysis and lipolysis of Poosti cheese produced from raw sheep milk in mountainous eastern regions of Iran were investigated during 90 days of ripening. Materials and Methods: Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for proteolysis (SDS-PAGE) and gas chromatography (GC) for free fatty acids (FFAs) were applied to investigate th...

Salted Kutum roe was prepared by soaking in brine to a traditional procedure. Proximate composition (moisture, protein, lipid, pH, ash and salt content), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), fatty acid profiles and microbiological characteristics of raw and salted roe of Caspian white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum) were determined. The results indicated that protein and moisture contents were si...

The enantioselective synthesis of α-hydroxy esters by ruthenium-catalyzed 1,2-addition of arylboronic acids to tert-butyl glyoxylate is described. The use of RuCl(2)(PPh(3))(3) with (R,R)-Me-BIPAM gave optically active mandelic acids of up to 99% ee. Addition of a fluoride salt such as potassium fluoride (KF) or caesium fluoride (CsF) was effective for achieving high enantioselectivities.

A spray reagent containing 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid sodium salt is described, which allows detection of as little as 1 micro g of bile acids under long-wave UV light. The bile acids can be eluted directly from the sprayed plates with acetone without eluting the spray reagent.